Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ṭīn-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Noun

*ṭīn- m

1. clay

Inflection

Declension of *ṭīn-

case	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ṭīnum	*ṭīnāna	plural stem + *-ūna
accusative	*ṭīnam	*ṭīnayna	plural stem + *-īna
genitive	*ṭīnim
possessive forms
1st person	*ṭīnī / *ṭīnVya	—	*ṭīnVni
2nd person m	*ṭīnVka	*ṭīnVkumā / *ṭīnVkumay	*ṭīnVkum(ū)
2nd person f	*ṭīnVki		*ṭīnVkin(ā)
3rd person m	*ṭīnVšu	*ṭīnVšumā / *ṭīnVšumay	*ṭīnVšum(ū)
3rd person f	*ṭīnVša		*ṭīnVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ṭīnuya for nom. case, *ṭīniya for gen. case, *ṭīnaya for acc. case, etc.

Descendants

• East Semitic:
  • Akkadian: 𒅎 (ṭīdum)
• West Semitic:
  • Central Semitic:
    • Arabic: طِين (ṭīn)
    • Northwest Semitic:
      • Aramaic:
        • Classical Syriac: ܛܝܼܢܵܐ (ṭīnā)
          • → Israeli Hebrew: טִין (tín)
      • Canaanite:
        • Biblical Hebrew: טִיט (tit, ṭîṭ)
  • Ethiopian Semitic:
    • Tigrinya: ጠየን (ṭäyän)
  • Modern South Arabian:
    • Mehri: ṭayn
    • Shehri: ṭun

References

• Kogan, Leonid (2011) “Proto-Semitic Lexicon”, in Weninger, Stefan, editor, The Semitic Languages. An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft – Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science; 36), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 189