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Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ṣ́arrat-

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

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Etymology

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The term is not to be separated from the root’s ض ر ر (ḍ r r) meaning of “necessity”, the thought being that it was obligatory to take a woman as a wife under particular circumstances, namely when a married brother died without leaving issue, soon also after the root that the family suffered “damage”, which predicament of ill fate is the actual reason why the term bears a faint negative connotation to this day in Arabic, senses of “hostility” or “enmity” leading to the idea of a rival wife not having developed unlike in Ethiopian Semitic and Old South Arabian where they prevail.

Noun

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*ṣ́arrat- f

  1. co-wife
    Coordinate term: *baʕlat-

Inflection

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Declension of *ṣ́arrat-
case singular dual plural
nominative *ṣ́arratum *ṣ́arratāna *ṣ́arrātum
accusative *ṣ́arratam *ṣ́arratayna *ṣ́arrātim
genitive *ṣ́arratim
possessive forms
1st person *ṣ́arratī / *ṣ́arratVya *ṣ́arratVni
2nd person m *ṣ́arratVka *ṣ́arratVkumā / *ṣ́arratVkumay *ṣ́arratVkum(ū)
2nd person f *ṣ́arratVki *ṣ́arratVkin(ā)
3rd person m *ṣ́arratVšu *ṣ́arratVšumā / *ṣ́arratVšumay *ṣ́arratVšum(ū)
3rd person f *ṣ́arratVša *ṣ́arratVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ṣ́arratuya for nom. case, *ṣ́arratiya for gen. case, *ṣ́arrataya for acc. case, etc.

Descendants

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  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒁮𒋰𒁀 (ṣerretum)
  • West Semitic:

References

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