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Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ḥamṣ́-

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

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Adjective

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*ḥamṣ́-

  1. sour, acid to the taste sense

Inflection

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Declension of *ḥamṣ́-
singular dual plural
m f m f m f
nominative *ḥamṣ́um *ḥamṣ́atum *ḥamṣ́āna *ḥamṣ́atāna *ḥamṣ́ūna *ḥamṣ́ātum
accusative *ḥamṣ́am *ḥamṣ́atam *ḥamṣ́ayna *ḥamṣ́atayna *ḥamṣ́īna *ḥamṣ́ātim
genitive *ḥamṣ́im *ḥamṣ́atim

Noun

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*ḥamṣ́-

  1. something sour that is added to food etc.

Inflection

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Declension of *ḥamṣ́-
case singular dual plural
nominative *ḥamṣ́um *ḥamṣ́āna plural stem + *-ūna
accusative *ḥamṣ́am *ḥamṣ́ayna plural stem + *-īna
genitive *ḥamṣ́im
possessive forms
1st person *ḥamṣ́ī / *ḥamṣ́Vya *ḥamṣ́Vni
2nd person m *ḥamṣ́Vka *ḥamṣ́Vkumā / *ḥamṣ́Vkumay *ḥamṣ́Vkum(ū)
2nd person f *ḥamṣ́Vki *ḥamṣ́Vkin(ā)
3rd person m *ḥamṣ́Všu *ḥamṣ́Všumā / *ḥamṣ́Všumay *ḥamṣ́Všum(ū)
3rd person f *ḥamṣ́Vša *ḥamṣ́Všin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ḥamṣ́uya for nom. case, *ḥamṣ́iya for gen. case, *ḥamṣ́aya for acc. case, etc.

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Descendants

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  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: emṣu
  • West Semitic: