Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/šabaṭ-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Verb

*šabaṭ-

to beat, to strike, to hit, to give a blow
to sweep, to blow, to fly loose, to float (over)

Conjugation

Conjugation of Proto-Semitic/šabaṭ- (paʕala)

		singular				dual			plural
verbal noun					*šabṭ-
active participle					*šābiṭ-
passive participle					šabīṭ-, šabūṭ-
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
perfect	m	*šabaṭku	*šabaṭka	*šabaṭa		*šabaṭkayā	*šabaṭkā	*šabaṭā	*šabaṭna	*šabaṭkanu	*šabaṭū
perfect	f	*šabaṭku	*šabaṭki	*šabaṭat		*šabaṭkayā	*šabaṭkā	*šabaṭatā	*šabaṭna	*šabaṭkina	*šabaṭā

imperfect	m	*ʔašbiṭ	*tašbiṭ	*yišbiṭ			*tašbiṭā	*yašbiṭā	*nišbiṭ	*tašbiṭū	*yišbiṭū
imperfect	f	*ʔašbiṭ	*tašbiṭī	*tašbiṭ			*tašbiṭā	*tašbiṭā	*nišbiṭ	*tašbiṭā	*yišbiṭā

imperative	m		*šabiṭ				*šabiṭā			*šabiṭū
imperative	f		*šabiṭī				*šabiṭā			*šabiṭā

Related terms

*šabṭ-, *šibṭ- (“stick, rod”)

Descendants

East Semitic:
- Akkadian: šabāṭum
West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
  - Arabic: شَبَطَ (šabaṭa, “to cut the skin”) (irregular)
  - Northwest Semitic:
    - Aramaic: שְׁבַט (šbaṭ) / ܫܒܛ (šbaṭ)
    - Canaanite:
      - Hebrew: שָׁבַט (shabát, šāḇaṭ, “to press the weaving rod, to make the web close”)
  - Old South Arabian:
    - Sabaean: 𐩪𐩨𐩷 (s¹bṭ, “to beat”)
- Ethiopian Semitic: (with voicedness assimilation)
  - Amharic: ዘበጠ (zäbbäṭä, “to beat, to strike”)
  - Ge'ez: ዘበጠ (zäbäṭä, “to beat, to strike; to smite”)
  - Tigre: ዘብጠ (zäbṭä, “to beat, to strike, to hit”)
  - Tigrinya: ዘበጠ (zäbäṭä, “to hit”)
- Modern South Arabian:
  - Harsusi: sebōṭ (“to beat”)
  - Mehri: səbōṭ (“to beat”), sɔ̄ṭ