Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan/pazukasi

This Proto-Ryukyuan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

This Proto-Ryukyuan entry contains original research. The reconstruction in this entry is based on published research, but the specific form presented here is not found in prior works.

Proto-Ryukyuan

Etymology

From Proto-Japonic *pantukasi (“shameful, embarrassing”).

Adjective

*pazukasi

1. shameful, embarrassing

Descendants

• Northern Ryukyuan:
  • Kikai: 恥っかしゃい, 羞っかしゃい, 辱っかしゃい (fakkashai)
  • Kunigami: 恥じかしぇん, 羞じかしぇん, 辱じかしぇん (phajikashen)
  • Northern Amami Ōshima: 恥つぃ゚かしゃり, 羞つぃ゚かしゃり, 辱つぃ゚かしゃり (hatsïkashari)
  • Okinawan: 恥じかしゃん, 羞じかしゃん, 辱じかしゃん (hajikashan), 恥じかさん, 羞じかさん, 辱じかさん (hajikasan)
  • Okinoerabu: 恥じかさん, 羞じかさん, 辱じかさん (hajikashan)
  • Tokunoshima: 恥ずぃ゚かい, 羞ずぃ゚かい, 辱ずぃ゚かい (hazïkai)
  • Yoron: 恥んちかさん, 羞んちかさん, 辱んちかさん (panchikasan)
• Southern Ryukyuan:
  • Miyako: 恥ずぃ゚かすぃ゚かい゚, 羞ずぃ゚かすぃ゚かい゚, 辱ずぃ゚かすぃ゚かい゚ (pazɿkasɿkaɿ)
  • Yaeyama: 恥つぃ゚かさーん, 羞つぃ゚かさーん, 辱つぃ゚かさーん (patsïkasān)
  • Yonaguni: 人恥んかん (ttuhankan), 人恥んかさん (ttuhankasan) (< *pito-padukasi)