Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan/niga

This Proto-Ryukyuan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Ryukyuan

Etymology

From Proto-Japonic *ninka (“bitter”).

Adjective

*niga

1. bitter

Descendants

• Northern Ryukyuan: 리가사 (/ri.ka.sa/) (Haytong Ceykwukki, 1501)
  • Kikai: 苦さい (nyāsai)
  • Kunigami: 苦ーせん (zāsen)
  • Northern Amami-Oshima: 苦さり (nigyasari)
  • Okinawan: 苦さん (njasan)
  • Oki-No-Erabu: 苦さん (nigyasan)
  • Southern Amami-Oshima: 苦ーさむっ (nigyāsam)
  • Toku-No-Shima: 苦ーい (ingyāi)
  • Yoron: 苦さん (ninjasan)
• Southern Ryukyuan:
  • Miyako: 苦 (ngya)
  • Yaeyama: 苦さん (ngasan)
  • Yonaguni: 苦ん (ndan)

References

• Samuel E. Martin (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 837
• Thorpe, Maner Lawton (1983) Ryūkyūan Language History‎^[1], Doctoral dissertation. University of Southern California, pages 264-265
• Lin, Chihkai (2015 August) A Reconstruction of Old Okinawan: A Corpus-Based Approach‎^[2], University of Hawaii at Manoa, page 118