Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/utni

This Proto-Permic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Permic

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *opta-. Cognates include Proto-Mari *optaš.

The later stem *uvt- attested in Komi has been formed due to onomatopoeic reasons (compare English woof).

Verb

*utni (stem *ut-)

1. (intransitive) to bark

Conjugation

Conjugation of *utni (stem: *ut-)
Note: The Proto-Permic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
	Present	Future	Preterite	Perfect
1st singular	*uta		*uti	*utämi
2nd singular	*utad		*utid	*utämid
3rd singular	*utä	*utas	*uti	*utämi
1st plural	*utami		*utimi	*utämmi
2nd plural	*utadi		*utidi	*utämdi
3rd plural	*uta	*utazi	*uti	*utämi
	Imperative	Connegative
Singular	*ut		Infinitive	*utni
Plural	*utä		Gerund	*utman
	Present participle	Imperfect participle	Perfect participle	Caritive participle
	*utiś	*utan	*utäm	*uttäm

Derived terms

• *utäm

 

Descendants

• Komi:
  • Komi-Permyak: у́втны (úvtny)
  • Komi-Yazva: утнө́ (utnǻ)
  • Komi-Zyrian: увтны (uvtny)
• Udmurt: утыны (utyny)

References

• Lytkin, V. I., Gulyaev, E. S., editors (1970), “увтны”, in Краткий этимологический словарь коми языка [Brief Etymological Dictionary of the Komi Language]‎^[1] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka