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Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/ku̇kjamis

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This Proto-Permic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Permic

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Proto-Permic cardinal numbers
 <  7 8 9  > 
    Cardinal : *ku̇kjamis

Etymology

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From *ku̇kja (two) +‎ *-mis (lacking from ten). The origin of the suffix *-ja is debated:

  • Serebrennikov (1963) proposes that *-ja is an ending of a lost locative case.[1]
  • According to Lytkin (1970), possibly a leftover of a dual suffix, seen also in the plural suffix *-jas.[2]
  • Honti (1993) claims that *-ja is identical to the denominal adjectivising suffix *-a, with an irregular iotation which prevented it from labialising in Udmurt.[3]
  • Bartens (2000) states that it may be the adverbial case ending (preserved in Udmurt as (-ja))[4]

Equivalent to Proto-Finnic *kaktëksa (eight), itself also derived from *kakci (two).

Numeral

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*ku̇kjamis

  1. eight

Descendants

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  • Komi:
    • Komi-Permyak: кыкья́мыс (kykʹjámys)
    • Komi-Zyrian: кӧкъямыс (kökjamys)
  • Udmurt: кыкъямыс (kykjamys) (obsolete)

From the syncoptic *kjamis:

References

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  1. ^ B. A. Serebrennikov (1967) Историческая морфология пермских языков [Historical morphology of the Permic languages] (in Russian), page 221
  2. ^ Lytkin, V. I., Gulyaev, E. S., editors (1970), “кӧкъямыс”, in Краткий этимологический словарь коми языка [Brief Etymological Dictionary of the Komi Language]‎[1] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka
  3. ^ L. Honti (1993) Die Grundzahlwörter der Uralischen Sprachen. [The cardinal numbers in Uralic languages] (in German), Budapest, page 157
  4. ^ R. Bartens (2000) Permiläisten kielten rakenne ja kehitys. [The structure and development of the Permic languages] (in Finnish), page 143

Further reading

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  • Lytkin, V. I., Gulyaev, E. S., editors (1970), “кӧкъямыс”, in Краткий этимологический словарь коми языка [Brief Etymological Dictionary of the Komi Language]‎[2] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka