Reconstruction:Proto-Norse/ᚹᚢᛚᚠᚨᛉ

This Proto-Norse entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *wulfaz, from Pre-Germanic *wúlkʷos, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos. The *f is unexplained; the expected form would be *wulhwaz.

Noun

*ᚹᚢᛚᚠᚨᛉ (*wulfaʀ) m

1. wolf

Usage notes

• The reconstruction *wulfaʀ is in classic 3rd–5th century Proto-Norse. However, all attestations of this word are in proper names on the late 6th–early 7th century Blekinge stones and thus show a later linguistic and orthographic stage.

Derived terms

• ᚺᛡᚦᚢᚹᛟᛚᛡᚠᛦ (hᴀþuwolᴀfʀ /⁠Haþuwolᵃfʀ⁠/), ᚺᛡᚦᚢᚹᚢᛚᚨᚠᛉ (hᴀþuwulafʀ /⁠Haþuwulᵃfʀ⁠/)
• ᚺᛡᚱᛁᚹᛟᛚᛡᚠᛦ (hᴀriwolᴀfʀ /⁠Hariwolᵃfʀ⁠/)
• *ᚺᛡᛖᚱᚢᚹᚢᛚᚨᚠᛉ (*hᴀeruwulafʀ /⁠Hearuwulᵃfʀ⁠/)
  • ᚺᛡᛖᚱᚢᚹᚢᛚᚨᚠᛁᛉ (hᴀeruwulafiʀ /⁠Hearuwulᵃfīʀ⁠/, “son/descendant of Hearuwulᵃfʀ”)

Descendants

• Old Norse: ulfr m, úlfr
  • Icelandic: úlfur
  • Faroese: úlvur
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: ulv; (dialectal) úv'e, olv, ålv
  • Norwegian Bokmål: ulv
  • Elfdalian: ulv
  • Old Swedish: ulver
    • Swedish: ulv
  • Old Danish: ulv
    • Danish: ulv
  • Gutnish: ulv, ålv