Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/tapa

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *Capa.

Verb

*tapa

to smoke fish or meat for preservation

Descendants

Philippine
- Batanic
  - Yami: tapa
  - Ibatan: tapa
- Northern Luzon
  - Ilocano: tápa
  - Cagayan Valley
    - Isnag: tápa
    - Itawit: tápa
  - Meso-Cordilleran
    - Central Cordilleran
      - Kalinga–Itneg
        Tanudan Kalinga: tapa
      - Ifugao
        Batad Ifugao: tapa
        
        Tuwali Ifugao: tapa
      - Bontok–Kankanaey
        Kankanaey: tapá
        
        Northern Kankanay: tapa
    - Southern Cordilleran
      - Keley-I Kallahan: tapa
  - Northeastern Luzon
    - Casiguran Dumagat Agta: tápa
- Greater Central Philippine
  - Central Philippine
    - Tagalog: tápa
    - Bikol Central: tápa
    - Visayan
      - Cebuano: tapa
      - Asi: tápa
      - Central
        Masbatenyo: tápa
        
        Romblomanon: tapa
      - West
        Aklanon: tapa
      - South
        Tausug: tapa
    - Mansakan
      - Mansaka: tapa
      - Tagakaulu Kalagan: tapa
  - South Mangyan
    - Hanunoo: tapa
  - Subanen
    - Central Subanen: tapa
  - Manobo
    - Ata Manobo: tapa
    - Obo Manobo: tapa'
    - Agusan Manobo: 'tapa
    - Cotabato Manobo: tapa
    - Western Bukidnon Manobo: tapa
  - Danao
    - Maranao: tapa
  - Palawanic
    - Brooke's Point Palawano: tapa'
    - Central Palawano: tapa
    - Central Tagbanwa: tapa
    - Aborlan Tagbanwa: tapa
  - Gorontalo–Mongondow
    - Gorontalo: tapo
- Kalamian
  - Calamian Tagbanwa: tapa
  - Agutaynen: tapa
- South Mindanao
  - Tiruray: tofo
  - >? Tboli: tofu
- Sangiric
  - Sangir: tapa
Malayic
- Malay: tapa-tapa
  - Indonesian: tapa-tapa
South Sulawesi
- Tae': tapai
- Mandar: tapa
- Buginese: tapa
Celebic
- Saluan–Banggai
  - Banggai: tapa
- Kaili–Pamona
  - Uma: tapa
  - Pamona: tapa
- Wotu–Wolio
  - Wolio: tapai
Central Malayo-Polynesian
- Sumba–Flores
  - Manggarai: tapa
  - Rembong: tapa

References

Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Capa”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI