Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/panas

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /panas/

Adjective

*panas

warm, hot

Descendants

Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
- Central Malayo-Polynesian:
  - Central Maluku:
    - Geser-Gorom: mfanas
  - Flores–Lembata:
    - Kedang: pana
  - Kei–Tanimbar:
    - Yamdena: fanas
  - Selaru:
    - Selaru: anas
  - Sumba–Flores:
    - Bima: pana
    - Dhao: pana
    - Kambera: pana, mbana
    - Kodi: banaha
    - Mamboru: banasa
    - Manggarai: panas
    - Ngadha: pana, bana
    - Rembong: panas
    - Sabu: pana
    - So'a: bana
  - Timor–Babar:
    - Baikeno: manas
    - Bilba: hana
    - Galoli: panas
    - Leti: pansa
    - Luang: pahene
    - Tetun Dili: hanas
    - Tugun: 'pʰana
  - → Eritai: panas
- Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
  - Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih:
    - Buli (Indonesia): fànas
    - Matbat: benis, benes
    - Ma'ya: ꞌbini³s
  - Proto-Oceanic: *panas
    - Central–Eastern Oceanic:
      - Proto-Polynesian: *fana
        Hawaiian: hana
        Maori: hana
        Rapa Nui: hana
        Tuamotuan: hana
    - Western Oceanic:
      - Kove: wanawana
      - Sobei: mefna
Western Malayo-Polynesian:
- Basap–Greater Barito:
  - Basap: panas
  - East Barito:
    - Malagasy: fana
- Kayanic:
  - Bahau: hanah
  - Modang: pəneə̯h, pənih (Long Gelat)
  - Segai: pnas
  - Wahau Kayan: mnæs
- Land Dayak:
  - Rejang: paneus
- North Borneo:
  - Central Sarawak:
    - Kajaman: pana
    - Lahanan: pana
  - Proto-North Sarawak:
    - Dayic:
      - Lun Bawang: pana
    - Bakung: pana
    - Penan:
      - Eastern Penan: pana
      - Western Penan: pana
  - Northeast Sabah:
    - Ida'an: panas
- Proto-Philippine:
  - Mongondow: panat
- Celebic:
  - Muna: fanaha
- Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands:
  - Karo Batak: panas
- Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan:
  - Bali–Sasak:
    - Balinese: panas, panes
    - Sasak: panas
  - Proto-Malayic: *panas
    - Iban: panas
    - Malay: panas
      - Indonesian: panas
    - Minangkabau: paneh, panaih
  - Sundanese: ᮕᮔᮞ᮪ (panas)
- Old Javanese: panas
  - Javanese: ꦥꦤꦱ꧀ (panas)
- Proto-South Sulawesi:
  - Embaloh: panas
  - Tae': pana'

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Pronunciation

Adjective

Descendants

Further reading