Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/panaq

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *panaq.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /panaʔ/, /panaq/

Verb

*panaq

1. to shoot (to fire a shot (an arrow))

Descendants

• Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
  • Central Malayo-Polynesian:
    • Aru:
      • Kola: -fan
    • Kei–Tanimbar:
      • Kei: fan
    • Sumba–Flores:
      • Kambera: pana
      • Manggarai: pana
      • Rembong: pana
    • Timoric:
      • Tetun Dili: hana
  • Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
    • Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih:
      • Biga: fan
      • Ma'ya: ꞌfa¹²n
      • Waropen: ana
    • Proto-Oceanic: *panaq
      • Central–Eastern Oceanic:
        • Central Pacific:
          • Fijian: vana
          • Proto-Polynesian: *fana
            • Proto-Nuclear Polynesian:
              • Proto-Eastern Polynesian:
                • Marquesic:
                  • Hawaiian: pana
                  • North Marquesan: pana
                  • South Marquesan: pana
                • Tahitic:
                  • Maori: whana
                  • Rarotongan: ʻana
                  • Tahitian: fana
                  • Tuamotuan: fana, hana
              • Ellicean–Outlier:
                • Nuguria: hana
                • Sikaiana: vvana
                • Takuu: vvana
                • Tuvaluan: fana
              • Futunic:
                • Anuta: pana
                • Emae: fana
                • East Futuna: fana
                • Mele-Fila: fana
                • Pukapukan: wena
                • Tikopia: fana
              • Samoic:
                • Samoan: fana
                • Tokelauan: fana
            • Tongic:
              • Niuean: fana
              • Tongan: fana
          • Rotuman: fana
          • Western Fijian: vana
        • Micronesian:
          • Gilbertese: bana
        • Southeast Solomonic:
          • Bugotu–Gela:
            • Gela: vana
          • Malaita–Makira:
            • Makira:
              • Arosi: hana
            • Malaita:
              • Kwaio: fana
              • Lau: fana
            • Sa'a: hana
        • Southern Oceanic:
          • Lonwolwol: fεn
      • Western Oceanic:
        • Meso–Melanesian:
          • Alu: fana
          • Halia: hana, wana
          • Petats: hana
          • Ririo: van
        • North New Guinea:
          • Sobei: -fan
          • Tarpia: -pan
• Western Malayo-Polynesian:
  • Greater Barito:
    • Sama-Bajaw:
      • Central Sama: pana'
      • Mapun: pana'
      • Southern Sama: panah
      • Yakan: pana'
    • West Barito:
      • Ngaju: panah
  • Land-Dayak:
    • Bau Bidayuh: panah
  • North Borneo:
    • Proto-North Sarawak:
      • Lun Bawang: pana’
    • Northeast Sabah:
      • Bonggi: panah
    • Southwest Sabah:
      • Dusunic:
        • Central Dusun: pana
        • Labuk-Kinabatangan Kadazan: pana
        • Rungus: pana
      • Murutic:
        • Timugon Murut: panah
      • Paitanic:
        • Tombonuo: pana
  • Proto-Philippine: *panaq
  • Celebic:
    • Proto-Bungku-Tolaki:
      • Mori Bawah: pana
      • Tolaki: pana
    • Kaili–Pamona:
      • Da'a Kaili: pana
      • Napu: pana
      • Pamona: pana
      • Uma: panah
    • Muna–Buton:
      • Lasalimu: pana
      • Kumbewaha: pana
      • Muna: pana
      • Tukang Besi South: pana
    • Saluan–Banggai:
      • Andio: pana'
      • Balantak: pana'
    • Wotu–Wolio:
      • Wolio: pana
  • Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands:
    • Karo Batak: panah
    • Nias: fana
  • Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan:
    • Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa:
      • Balinese: panah
      • Sasak: panaq
      • Sumbawa: manak
    • Proto-Malayo-Chamic:
      • Proto-Chamic: *panah
        • Acehnese: panah
        • Coastal Chamic:
          • Haroi: pơnăh
          • Cham:
            • Western Cham: panâh
            • Eastern Cham: ꨚꨗꩍ (panâh)
        • Highlands Chamic:
          • Chru–Northern Chamic:
            • Chru: pơnah
            • Northern Chamic:
              • Northern Roglai: panăh
              • Tsat: na⁵⁵
          • Bih: panah
          • Jarai: pơnah
          • Rade: mơnah
      • Proto-Malayic: *panah
        • Iban: panah
        • Malay: panah
          • Indonesian: panah
        • Urak Lawoi': ปานัฮ (panah)
    • Sundanese: panah
  • Old Javanese: panah
    • Javanese: panah
  • Proto-South Sulawesi:
    • Bugis–Tamanic:
      • Buginese: pana
    • Makassaric:
      • Makasar: pana
      • Selayar: pana
    • Northern:
      • Massenrempulu:
        • Duri: pana
      • Pitu Ulunna Salu:
        • Aralle-Tabulahan: pana
      • Toraja:
        • Mamasa: pana
        • Tae': pana
        • Toraja-Sa'dan: pana
    • Seko:
      • Budong-Budong: pana
      • Panasuan: pana
      • Seko Padang: pana
      • Seko Tengah: pana

Further reading

• Blust's Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *panaq