Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/paŋgaŋ

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Etymology

• Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *paŋgaŋ (Blust, 2008)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /paŋɡaŋ/

Verb

*paŋgaŋ

1. to roast over fire; to toast

Descendants

• Greater Barito:
  • West Barito:
    • Ngaju: panggang
• Land Dayak:
  • Bidayuh–Rejang:
    • Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh: panggang
• Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan: *paŋgaŋ
  • Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa:
    • Balinese: ᬧᬗ᭄ᬕᬂ (panggang)
    • Sasak: panggang
  • Proto-Malayo-Chamic:
    • Proto-Chamic:
      • Acehnese: panggang
    • Proto-Malayic:
      • Iban: panggang
      • Malay: panggang
        • Indonesian: panggang
        • ?⇒ Thai: พะแนง (pá-nɛɛng)
• Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands:
  • Batak:
    • Karo Batak: panggang
  • Nias: faga
• Proto-Oceanic:
  • Proto-Polynesian: *paka (“dried; scorched”)
• Old Javanese: paṅgaṅ
  • Javanese: ꦥꦁꦒꦁ (panggang)
• Proto-Philippine: *paŋgaŋ
  • Greater Central Philippine:
    • Central Philippine:
      • Bikol Central: panggáng
      • Tagalog: panggáng
  • Northern Luzon:
    • Meso-Cordilleran:
      • Mayoyao Ifugao: págang
• Proto-South Sulawesi: *paŋgaŋ
  • Makasar: panggang

Further reading

• Blust's Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *paŋgaŋ
• Wolff, J. U. (2010) Proto-Austronesian Phonology with Glossary, NY: Cornell Southeast Asia Program Publications