Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/ip-

This Proto-Japonic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

This Proto-Japonic entry contains original research. The reconstruction in this entry is based on published research, but the specific form presented here is not found in prior works.

Proto-Japonic

Etymology

Compare Late Old Korean 邑 (*ip, “mouth”), modern 입 (ip).

Verb

*ip- (infinitive *ipi)

to say

Descendants

Old Japanese: 言ふ, 謂ふ (ipu)
- Japanese: 言う, 謂う (iu, yū)
Proto-Ryukyuan: *ii
- Northern Ryukyuan:
  - Kikai: 言ゆい, 謂ゆい (iyui), 言い, 謂い ('yui)
  - Kunigami: 言ん, 謂ん ('yun)
  - Northern Amami Ōshima: 言ーり, 謂ーり ('yūri)
  - Okinawan: 言ん, 謂ん ('yun)
  - Okinoerabu: 言ん, 謂ん ('yun)
  - Southern Amami Ōshima: 言むっ, 謂むっ ('yum)
  - Tokunoshima: 言ん, 謂ん ('yun)
  - Yoron: 言ん, 謂ん ('yun)
- Southern Ryukyuan:
  - Miyako: 言ㇲ゙, 謂ㇲ゙ (zz)
  - Yaeyama: 言ずん, 謂ずん (izun)
  - Yonaguni: 言ゆん, 謂ゆん (iyun)