Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/itu ~ etu

This Proto-Japonic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

This Proto-Japonic entry contains original research. The reconstruction in this entry is based on published research, but the specific form presented here is not found in prior works.

Proto-Japonic

Etymology 1

Proto-Japonic numbers ^(edit)

←  4	5	6  →
Cardinal: *itu ~ etu

Possibly cognate with Goguryeo 于次 (ucha).

Numeral

*itu ~ etu

1. five

Descendants

• Old Japanese: 五 (itu)
  • Japanese: 五 (itsu)
• Proto-Ryukyuan: *etu
  • Northern Ryukyuan:
    • Kikai: 五 (itsu)
    • Kunigami: 五 (hichi)
    • Northern Amami Ōshima: 五 (itsï)
    • Okinawan: 五 (ichi)
    • Okinoerabu: 五 (ichi)
    • Southern Amami Ōshima: 五 (itï)
    • Tokunoshima: 五 (itsï)
    • Yoron: 五 (ichi)
  • Southern Ryukyuan:
    • Miyako: 五 (itsï)
    • Yaeyama: 五 (itsï)
    • Yonaguni: 五 (ichi)

Etymology 2

Pronoun

*itu ~ etu

1. when

Descendants

• Old Japanese: 何時 (itu)
  • Japanese: 何時 (itsu)
• Proto-Ryukyuan: *etu
  • Northern Ryukyuan:
    • Kikai: 何時 (itsu)
    • Kunigami: 何時 (hichī)
    • Northern Amami Ōshima: 何時 (itsï)
    • Okinawan: 何時 (ichi)
    • Okinoerabu: 何時 (ichī)
    • Southern Amami Ōshima: 何時 (ichi, itī, it)
    • Tokunoshima: 何時 (itsïï)
    • Yoron: 何時 (ichi)
  • Southern Ryukyuan:
    • Miyako: 何時 (itsï)
    • Yaeyama: 何時 (itsï)
    • Yonaguni: 何時 (ichi)