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Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/par-

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Italic

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Etymology

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See Latin pār for discussion.

Adjective

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*par-

  1. even, equal, matching

Declension

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Latin attests i-stem inflection, while Umbrian is ambiguous (any stem vowel would have been deleted in the attested nominative singular pars). Either they are all from an i-stem, or an i-stem and o-stem coexisted.

Declension of *par- (i-stem)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative *paris *paris *pare
vocative *paris *paris *pare
accusative *parim *parim *pare
genitive *pareis *pareis *parjes
dative *parei *parei *parei
ablative *parīd *parīd *parīd
locative *parei *parei *parei
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative *parēs *parēs *parjā
vocative *parēs *parēs *parjā
accusative *parins *parins *parjā
genitive *parjom *parjom *parjom
dative *pariβos *pariβos *pariβos
ablative *pariβos *pariβos *pariβos
locative *pariβos *pariβos *pariβos
Declension of *par- (o/ā-stem)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative *paros *parā *parom
vocative *pare *para *parom
accusative *parom *param *parom
genitive *parosjo, parī *parās *parosjo, parī
dative *parōi *parāi *parōi
ablative *parōd *parād *parōd
locative *parei *parāi *parei
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative *parōs, paroi *parās *parā
vocative *parōs, paroi *parās *parā
accusative *parons *parans *parā
genitive *parom *parāzōm *parom
dative *parois *parais *parois
ablative *parois *parais *parois
locative *parois *parais *parois

Descendants

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  • Latin: pār (see there for further descendants)
  • Umbrian: pars (prescribed, nom. sg.)

Further reading

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  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pār”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 444
  • Untermann, Jürgen (2000) “U.pars”, in Wörterbuch des Oskisch-Umbrischen [Dictionary of Oscan-Umbrian] (Handbuch der italischen Dialekte; 3), Heidelberg: Winter, →ISBN, page 514