Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-isVmos
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This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Italic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *-is-tm̥mós, from *-yōs (comparative formant) + *-tm̥mós.
Suffix
[edit]*-isVmos
- Forms superlative forms of adjectives.
Declension
[edit]Declension of *-isVmos (o/ā-stem)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *-isVmos | *-isVmā | *-isVmom |
| Vocative | *-isVme | *-isVma | *-isVmom |
| Accusative | *-isVmom | *-isVmam | *-isVmom |
| Genitive | *-isVmosjo, -isVmī | *-isVmās | *-isVmosjo, -isVmī |
| Dative | *-isVmōi | *-isVmāi | *-isVmōi |
| Ablative | *-isVmōd | *-isVmād | *-isVmōd |
| Locative | *-isVmei | *-isVmāi | *-isVmei |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *-isVmōs, -isVmoi | *-isVmās | *-isVmā |
| Vocative | *-isVmōs, -isVmoi | *-isVmās | *-isVmā |
| Accusative | *-isVmons | *-isVmans | *-isVmā |
| Genitive | *-isVmom | *-isVmāzōm | *-isVmom |
| Dative | *-isVmois | *-isVmais | *-isVmois |
| Ablative | *-isVmois | *-isVmais | *-isVmois |
| Locative | *-isVmois | *-isVmais | *-isVmois |
Reconstruction notes
[edit]- The reconstruction of the second vowel in this suffix varies quite wildly, ranging from *a (De Vaan), *e (Schrijver,[1] Meiser, etc.), *o (Weiss, Nishimura, etc.), and *u (Zair[2]).
- Sabellic *-īm- is from a syncope of *-isVmos > *-ismos > *-īmos.[2]
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Latin: -issimus (see there for further descendants)
- Oscan: -𐌉𐌌- (-im-) (in e.g. 𐌍𐌄𐌔𐌔𐌉𐌌𐌀𐌔 (nessimas))
- Umbrian: -im- (in e.g. nesimei)
References
[edit]- ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 10
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Zair, Nicholas (2016) “Vowel weakening in the Sabellic languages as language contact”, in Indogermanische Forschungen, volume 121, number 1, →ISSN, pages 295–316