Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/HhuHā́pah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *HsuHápas. Equivalent to *Hhu- (“good”) +‎ *Hā́pah (“work”).

Adjective

*HhuHā́pah

1. good (in works), masterly, creativity

Descendants

• Central Iranian:
  • Old Avestan: 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬁𐬞𐬀𐬵 (huuāpah, “doing good work; masterly”)
    • Younger Avestan: 𐬵𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬁𐬞𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀 (hauuāpaŋha, “creativity”)
• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Sogdo-Bactrian:
    • Bactrian: χοϐο (khobo /⁠xūb⁠/)
    • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (xwb /⁠xūb⁠/)
    • Sogdian: (/xūp/)

      Buddhist: [script needed] (γwp)

      Christian: [script needed] (xwp)

      Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (xwp)

      Sogdian: [script needed] (γwp)

  • Wakhi: [script needed] (xub)
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Larestani–Gulf:
    • Bashkardi: [script needed] (xub)
    • Southwestern Fars: [script needed] (xob) (colloquial)
  • Old Persian: [script needed] (*ʰuvāpa)
    • Middle Persian:

      Book Pahlavi script: 𐭧𐭥𐭡 (hwp /⁠xūb⁠/)

      • Classical Persian: خوب (xūb) (see there for further descendants)
        • Iranian Persian: خوب (xūb)
        • Tajik: хуб (xub)
      • Lurish:

        Northern Luri: خۊ (xu)

        Bakhtiari: خۊ (xu)

        Southern Luri: خۊ (xu)