Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/ǰaθráH

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰʰatráH, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰn̥-tr-éh₂, from *gʷʰen- (“to strike, kill”).

Noun

*ǰaθráH^[1]

poison

Related terms

*ǰaθríH (“thorn, prickle”)^[1]
- Ormuri:
  Kaniguram: [script needed] (zeř)
  
  Logar: [script needed] (zeš)

Descendants

Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬘𐬄𐬛𐬭𐬀 (jądra)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Khwarezmian: [script needed] (žār)
  - → Yidgha: [script needed] f (žaro)
- Sogdian:
  Manichaean script: 𐫋𐫀𐫡 f (jʾr /⁠žār⁠/)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Kurdish:
  Central Kurdish: ژەھر (jehir), ژار (jar)
  
  Northern Kurdish: jehr, jar f
  
  Southern Kurdish: ژەھر (jehir), ژار (jar)
  
  Laki: ژار (jar), ژەر (jer)
  - → Northern Luri: ژٱر (žar)
- Parthian:
  Manichaean script: 𐫋𐫍𐫡 n (jhr /⁠žahr⁠/)
  - → Old Armenian: ժահր (žahr)
  - → Middle Persian: (/⁠zahr⁠/)
    Book Pahlavi script: 𐮶𐮰𐮴𐮹 (𐮶𐮰𐮴𐮹)
    
    Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫍𐫓 (zhl)
    - Classical Persian: زهر (zahr)
      - → Middle Armenian: զահր (zahr)
        Armenian: զահր (zahr)
      - → Azerbaijani: zəhər
      - → Bengali: জহর (zohor)
      - → Hindustani:
        Hindi: ज़हर (zahr)
        Urdu: زہر (zahr)
      - → Gilaki: زهر (zahr)
      - → Kazakh: зәр (zär)
      - → Kermanic:
        Abyanehi: [script needed] (zāhr)
      - → Khalaj: zə̂r
      - → Larestani: زهر (zahr)
      - → Sarikoli: [script needed] (zār)
      - → Shughni: [script needed] (zār)
      - → Ottoman Turkish: زهر (zehr)
        Gagauz: zihir
        Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: зе̏хер
        Latin script: zȅher
        Turkish: zehir
      - → Turkmen: zäher
      - → Chagatai:
        → Uyghur: زەھەر (zeher)
        → Uzbek: zahar
      - → Yidgha: [script needed] (zahᵃr)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2007) “*jaθra-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 143–144

[ESIJa-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2007) “*jaθra-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 143–144

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