Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/dʰar-

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰer-. The long vowel in many Iranian descendants comes from the 'causative' (used as basic present verb) *dʰāráyati.

Root

*dʰar-

to hold, carry
to bear, support

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dʰar-
- Sanskrit: धृ (dhṛ)
Proto-Iranian: *dar-^[1]
- Avestan: 𐬛𐬁𐬭 (dār)
- Bactrian: ληρ- (lēr-)^[2]
- Parthian:
  Manichaean: 𐫅𐫀𐫡 (dʾr)
- Old Persian:
  - Middle Persian:
    - Persian: دار (dâr, present stem of (dâštan, “to have”))
- Sogdian: [script needed] (δʾr)
Proto-Nuristani: *dar-
- Northern Nuristani:
  - Prasuni: la-

References

^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
^ Sims-Williams, Nicholas (2000) Bactrian Documents from Northern Afghanistan (Studies in the Khalili Collection III, Corpus Inscriptionum Iranicarum II), Oxford: Nour Foundation in association with Azimuth Editions and Oxford University Press, page 201: “ληρ- / λριγδο ... < *dāraya-/*dr̥xta-”

[1] Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[2] Sims-Williams, Nicholas (2000) Bactrian Documents from Northern Afghanistan (Studies in the Khalili Collection III, Corpus Inscriptionum Iranicarum II), Oxford: Nour Foundation in association with Azimuth Editions and Oxford University Press, page 201: “ληρ- / λριγδο ... < *dāraya-/*dr̥xta-”

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