Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/spéḱs

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *speḱ- (“to see, look”) +‎ *-s (root nominal suffix).

Noun

*spéḱs m

1. watcher
2. spy

Inflection

Athematic, amphikinetic
	singular
nominative	*spéḱs
genitive	*spḱés
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*spéḱs	*spéḱh₁(e)	*spéḱes
vocative	*spéḱ	*spéḱh₁(e)	*spéḱes
accusative	*spéḱm̥	*spéḱh₁(e)	*spéḱm̥s
genitive	*spḱés	*?	*spḱóHom
ablative	*spḱés	*?	*spḱmós, *spḱbʰós
dative	*spḱéy	*?	*spḱmós, *spḱbʰós
locative	*spéḱ, *spéḱi	*?	*spḱsú
instrumental	*spḱéh₁	*?	*spḱmís, *spḱbʰís

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *spáćš (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Italic: *speks
  • Latin: *spex (in compounds auspex and prospex)
  • ⇒ Proto-Italic: *haruspeks
    • Faliscan: 𐌇𐌀𐌓𐌀𐌔𐌐𐌄𐌗 (haraspex), 𐌇𐌀𐌓𐌉𐌔𐌐𐌄𐌗 (harispex)
    • Latin: haruspex