Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sérpeti

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Thematic root present of *serp- (“to creep, crawl”).

Verb

*sérpeti (imperfective)

1. to be creeping, to be crawling

Inflection

Imperfective, thematic
3rd singular	*sérpeti
3rd plural	*sérponti
Active voice	Present indicative	Past indicative	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
1st singular	*sérpoh₂	*sérpom	—	*sérpōh₂	*sérpoyh₁m̥
2nd singular	*sérpesi	*sérpes	*sérpe	*sérpēsi	*sérpoys
3rd singular	*sérpeti	*sérpet	*sérpetu	*sérpēti	*sérpoyt
1st dual	*sérpowos	*sérpowe	—	*sérpōwos	*sérpoywe
2nd dual	*sérpetes	*sérpetom	*sérpetom	*sérpētes	*sérpoytom
3rd dual	*sérpetes	*sérpetām	*sérpetām	*sérpētes	*sérpoytām
1st plural	*sérpomos	*sérpome	—	*sérpōmos	*sérpoyme
2nd plural	*sérpete	*sérpete	*sérpete	*sérpēte	*sérpoyte
3rd plural	*sérponti	*sérpont	*sérpontu	*sérpōnti	*sérpoyh₁n̥t
Participle	*sérponts
Middle voice	Present indicative	Past indicative	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
1st singular	*sérpoh₂er	*sérpoh₂e	—	*sérpōh₂er	*sérpoyh₂e
2nd singular	*sérpeth₂er	*sérpeth₂e	*sérpeso	*sérpēth₂er	*sérpoyth₂e
3rd singular	*sérpetor	*sérpeto	*?	*sérpētor	*sérpoyto, *sérpoyh₁o
1st dual	*sérpowosdʰh₂	*sérpowedʰh₂	—	*sérpōwosdʰh₂	*sérpoywedʰh₂
2nd dual	*?	*?	*?	*?	*?
3rd dual	*?	*?	*?	*?	*?
1st plural	*sérpomosdʰh₂	*sérpomedʰh₂	—	*sérpōmosdʰh₂	*sérpoymedʰh₂
2nd plural	*sérpedʰh₂we	*sérpedʰh₂we	*sérpedʰh₂we	*sérpēdʰh₂we	*sérpoydʰh₂we
3rd plural	*sérpontor	*sérponto	*?	*sérpōntor	*sérpoyro
Participle	*sérpomnos

Descendants

• Proto-Hellenic: *hérpō
  • Ancient Greek: ἕρπω (hérpō, “to creep, crawl”)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *sárpati
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *sárpati
    • Sanskrit: सर्पति (sárpati, “to creep, crawl”)
• Proto-Italic: *serpō
  • Latin: serpō