Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/nébʰos

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *nebʰ- (“to become damp, cloudy”) +‎ *-os.

In a number of derived words the meaning shifts to "sky" or "heaven", as the sky was thought to be the dwelling place of various deities, esp. *dyḗws ph₂tḗr (“sky father”), the chief sky-god.

Noun

*nébʰos n (oblique stem *nébʰes-)

1. cloud
2. mist, moisture

Inflection

Athematic, acrostatic
	singular
nominative	*nébʰos
genitive	*nébʰesos
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*nébʰos	*nébʰesih₁	*nébʰōs
vocative	*nébʰos	*nébʰesih₁	*nébʰōs
accusative	*nébʰos	*nébʰesih₁	*nébʰōs
genitive	*nébʰesos	*?	*nébʰesoHom
ablative	*nébʰesos	*?	*nébʰesmos, *nébʰesbʰos
dative	*nébʰesey	*?	*nébʰesmos, *nébʰesbʰos
locative	*nébʰes, *nébʰesi	*?	*nébʰesu
instrumental	*nébʰesh₁	*?	*nébʰesmis, *nébʰesbʰis

Derived terms

• *nebʰ-el-
  • Proto-Albanian: *abula (from *n̥bʰel-)
    • Albanian: avull
  • Proto-Germanic: *nibilaz, *nebulaz (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *nepʰélā
    • Ancient Greek: νεφέλη (nephélē)
  • Proto-Italic: *neβelā
    • Latin: nebula
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *nabʰar-
    • Nuristani:
      • Ashkun: [script needed] (nalī́) (from *nabʰalikā-)
      • Kamviri: [script needed] (niru)

Related terms

• *n̥bʰrós

Descendants

• Proto-Anatolian: *nébos (see there for further descendants)
• Armenian: > *m̥bʰos
  • Old Armenian: ամպ (amp), ամբ (amb)
    • Armenian: ամպ (amp)
• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *néba (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Celtic: *nemos (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Hellenic: *népʰos (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *nábʰas (see there for further descendants)