Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/léyǵʰti
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Athematic root present of *leyǵʰ- (“to lick”).
Verb
[edit]*léyǵʰti (imperfective)[1][2][3][4]
- to be licking
Inflection
[edit]| Imperfective, athematic | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *léyǵʰti | ||||
| 3rd plural | *liǵʰénti | ||||
| Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *léyǵʰmi | *léyǵʰm̥ | — | *léyǵʰoh₂ | *liǵʰyéh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *léyǵʰsi | *léyǵʰs | *léyǵʰ, *liǵʰdʰí | *léyǵʰesi | *liǵʰyéh₁s |
| 3rd singular | *léyǵʰti | *léyǵʰt | *léyǵʰtu | *léyǵʰeti | *liǵʰyéh₁t |
| 1st dual | *liǵʰwós | *liǵʰwé | — | *léyǵʰowos | *liǵʰih₁wé |
| 2nd dual | *liǵʰtés | *liǵʰtóm | *liǵʰtóm | *léyǵʰetes | *liǵʰih₁tóm |
| 3rd dual | *liǵʰtés | *liǵʰtā́m | *liǵʰtā́m | *léyǵʰetes | *liǵʰih₁tā́m |
| 1st plural | *liǵʰmós | *liǵʰmé | — | *léyǵʰomos | *liǵʰih₁mé |
| 2nd plural | *liǵʰté | *liǵʰté | *liǵʰté | *léyǵʰete | *liǵʰih₁té |
| 3rd plural | *liǵʰénti | *liǵʰént | *liǵʰéntu | *léyǵʰonti | *liǵʰih₁ént |
| Participle | *liǵʰónts | ||||
| Middle voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *liǵʰh₂ér | *liǵʰh₂é | — | *léyǵʰoh₂er | *liǵʰih₁h₂é |
| 2nd singular | *liǵʰth₂ér | *liǵʰth₂é | *liǵʰsó | *léyǵʰeth₂er | *liǵʰih₁th₂é |
| 3rd singular | *liǵʰtór, *liǵʰór | *liǵʰtó, *liǵʰó | *? | *léyǵʰetor | *liǵʰih₁tó, *liǵʰih₁ó |
| 1st dual | *liǵʰwósdʰh₂ | *liǵʰwédʰh₂ | — | *léyǵʰowosdʰh₂ | *liǵʰih₁wédʰh₂ |
| 2nd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 3rd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 1st plural | *liǵʰmósdʰh₂ | *liǵʰmédʰh₂ | — | *léyǵʰomosdʰh₂ | *liǵʰih₁médʰh₂ |
| 2nd plural | *liǵʰdʰh₂wé | *liǵʰdʰh₂wé | *liǵʰdʰh₂wé | *léyǵʰedʰh₂we | *liǵʰih₁dʰh₂wé |
| 3rd plural | *liǵʰn̥tór, *liǵʰrór | *liǵʰn̥tó, *liǵʰró | *? | *léyǵʰontor | *liǵʰih₁ró |
| Participle | *liǵʰm̥h₁nós | ||||
Descendants
[edit]- Armenian:
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *léiźtei
- Proto-Celtic: *ligeti (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *léikʰō
- Ancient Greek: λείχω (leíkhō)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *láyždʰi, *ráyždʰi ~ *liȷ́ʰánti, *riȷ́ʰánti
References
[edit]- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*līzàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 280: “*leiǵʰ-”
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “liežti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 285: “*leiǵʰ-”
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*lig-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 239
- ^ Jasanoff, Jay (2017) The Prehistory of the Balto-Slavic Accent (Brill's Studies in Indo-European Languages & Linguistics; 17), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 195: “*léiǵh-ti”