Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃roǵéyeti
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten”) + *-éyeti (causative verbal suffix).
Verb
[edit]*h₃roǵéyeti (imperfective)
- to straighten, to make straight, to cause to be straight
Inflection
[edit]| Imperfective, thematic | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *h₃roǵéyeti | ||||
| 3rd plural | *h₃roǵéyonti | ||||
| Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *h₃roǵéyoh₂ | *h₃roǵéyom | — | *h₃roǵéyōh₂ | *h₃roǵéyoyh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *h₃roǵéyesi | *h₃roǵéyes | *h₃roǵéye | *h₃roǵéyēsi | *h₃roǵéyoys |
| 3rd singular | *h₃roǵéyeti | *h₃roǵéyet | *h₃roǵéyetu | *h₃roǵéyēti | *h₃roǵéyoyt |
| 1st dual | *h₃roǵéyowos | *h₃roǵéyowe | — | *h₃roǵéyōwos | *h₃roǵéyoywe |
| 2nd dual | *h₃roǵéyetes | *h₃roǵéyetom | *h₃roǵéyetom | *h₃roǵéyētes | *h₃roǵéyoytom |
| 3rd dual | *h₃roǵéyetes | *h₃roǵéyetām | *h₃roǵéyetām | *h₃roǵéyētes | *h₃roǵéyoytām |
| 1st plural | *h₃roǵéyomos | *h₃roǵéyome | — | *h₃roǵéyōmos | *h₃roǵéyoyme |
| 2nd plural | *h₃roǵéyete | *h₃roǵéyete | *h₃roǵéyete | *h₃roǵéyēte | *h₃roǵéyoyte |
| 3rd plural | *h₃roǵéyonti | *h₃roǵéyont | *h₃roǵéyontu | *h₃roǵéyōnti | *h₃roǵéyoyh₁n̥t |
| Participle | *h₃roǵéyonts | ||||
| Middle voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *h₃roǵéyoh₂er | *h₃roǵéyoh₂e | — | *h₃roǵéyōh₂er | *h₃roǵéyoyh₂e |
| 2nd singular | *h₃roǵéyeth₂er | *h₃roǵéyeth₂e | *h₃roǵéyeso | *h₃roǵéyēth₂er | *h₃roǵéyoyth₂e |
| 3rd singular | *h₃roǵéyetor | *h₃roǵéyeto | *? | *h₃roǵéyētor | *h₃roǵéyoyto, *h₃roǵéyoyh₁o |
| 1st dual | *h₃roǵéyowosdʰh₂ | *h₃roǵéyowedʰh₂ | — | *h₃roǵéyōwosdʰh₂ | *h₃roǵéyoywedʰh₂ |
| 2nd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 3rd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 1st plural | *h₃roǵéyomosdʰh₂ | *h₃roǵéyomedʰh₂ | — | *h₃roǵéyōmosdʰh₂ | *h₃roǵéyoymedʰh₂ |
| 2nd plural | *h₃roǵéyedʰh₂we | *h₃roǵéyedʰh₂we | *h₃roǵéyedʰh₂we | *h₃roǵéyēdʰh₂we | *h₃roǵéyoydʰh₂we |
| 3rd plural | *h₃roǵéyontor | *h₃roǵéyonto | *? | *h₃roǵéyōntor | *h₃roǵéyoyro |
| Participle | *h₃roǵéyomnos | ||||
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Celtic: *rogīti (see there for further descendants)[1]
- Proto-Germanic: *rakjaną[2] (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hrāȷ́áyati
- Proto-Iranian: *Hrājáyati
- Avestan: 𐬭𐬁𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬈 (rāzaiieite, “to direct, lead”)
- Proto-Iranian: *Hrājáyati
References
[edit]- ^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, page 280
- ^ Friedrich Kluge (1989) “recken”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN