Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂werg-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*h₂werg-

1. to turn, turn around

Descendants

• *h₂wérg-t ~ *h₂wr̥g-ént (athematic root aorist)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan:
      • Sanskrit: अवर्क् (ávark)
• *h₂wérg-e-ti (thematic root present)
  • Proto-Italic:
    • Latin: vergō (“to turn”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • >? Ancient Greek: ἐέργω (eérgō, “to stop, scare away”)
• *h₂wr̥-né-g-ti (nasal infix present)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan:
      • Sanskrit: वृणक्ति (vṛṇákti, “to turn around, ward off”)
• *h₂wḗrg-s-t (s-aorist) (probably later formation)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: εἶρξαι (eîrxai, “to hold off”)
• *h₂wérg-se-ti (se-present)
  • Tocharian A: wärkṣantāñ (“rotating”, ptcp.)
• *h₂wérg-mn̥ (action noun)
  • Proto-Italic:
    • >? Latin: vermina
• *h₂wr̥g-i-
  • Hittite: [script needed] (ḫurki-, “wheel”)
• Unsorted formations:
  • Sanskrit: वरीवृजत् (várīvṛjat, “bending again and again”, ptcp.)
  • Sanskrit: प्र वावृजे (pra vāvṛje, “is turned towards”)

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan:
    • Sanskrit: वृज् (vṛj, “to turn, bend”)

References

• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂u̯erg-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 290-1
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “vergō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 665