Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰérǵʰt
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Athematic root aorist of *bʰerǵʰ- (“to rise up, ascend”).
Verb
[edit]*bʰérǵʰt (perfective)[1][2][3][4]
Inflection
[edit]| Perfective, athematic | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *bʰérǵʰt | |||
| 3rd plural | *bʰr̥ǵʰént | |||
| Active voice | Indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *bʰérǵʰm̥ | — | *bʰérǵʰoh₂ | *bʰr̥ǵʰyéh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *bʰérǵʰs | *bʰérǵʰ, *bʰr̥ǵʰdʰí | *bʰérǵʰesi | *bʰr̥ǵʰyéh₁s |
| 3rd singular | *bʰérǵʰt | *bʰérǵʰtu | *bʰérǵʰeti | *bʰr̥ǵʰyéh₁t |
| 1st dual | *bʰr̥ǵʰwé | — | *bʰérǵʰowos | *bʰr̥ǵʰih₁wé |
| 2nd dual | *bʰr̥ǵʰtóm | *bʰr̥ǵʰtóm | *bʰérǵʰetes | *bʰr̥ǵʰih₁tóm |
| 3rd dual | *bʰr̥ǵʰtā́m | *bʰr̥ǵʰtā́m | *bʰérǵʰetes | *bʰr̥ǵʰih₁tā́m |
| 1st plural | *bʰr̥ǵʰmé | — | *bʰérǵʰomos | *bʰr̥ǵʰih₁mé |
| 2nd plural | *bʰr̥ǵʰté | *bʰr̥ǵʰté | *bʰérǵʰete | *bʰr̥ǵʰih₁té |
| 3rd plural | *bʰr̥ǵʰént | *bʰr̥ǵʰéntu | *bʰérǵʰonti | *bʰr̥ǵʰih₁ént |
| Participle | *bʰr̥ǵʰónts | |||
| Middle voice | Indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *bʰr̥ǵʰh₂é | — | *bʰérǵʰoh₂er | *bʰr̥ǵʰih₁h₂é |
| 2nd singular | *bʰr̥ǵʰth₂é | *bʰr̥ǵʰsó | *bʰérǵʰeth₂er | *bʰr̥ǵʰih₁th₂é |
| 3rd singular | *bʰr̥ǵʰtó, *bʰr̥ǵʰó | *? | *bʰérǵʰetor | *bʰr̥ǵʰih₁tó, *bʰr̥ǵʰih₁ó |
| 1st dual | *bʰr̥ǵʰwédʰh₂ | — | *bʰérǵʰowosdʰh₂ | *bʰr̥ǵʰih₁wédʰh₂ |
| 2nd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 3rd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 1st plural | *bʰr̥ǵʰmédʰh₂ | — | *bʰérǵʰomosdʰh₂ | *bʰr̥ǵʰih₁médʰh₂ |
| 2nd plural | *bʰr̥ǵʰdʰh₂wé | *bʰr̥ǵʰdʰh₂wé | *bʰérǵʰedʰh₂we | *bʰr̥ǵʰih₁dʰh₂wé |
| 3rd plural | *bʰr̥ǵʰn̥tó, *bʰr̥ǵʰró | *? | *bʰérǵʰontor | *bʰr̥ǵʰih₁ró |
| Participle | *bʰr̥ǵʰm̥h₁nós | |||
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Anatolian:
- Hittite: 𒈦𒀝𒋫𒊒 (pár-ak-ta-ru /parktaru/, 3sg.imp.med.)
- Proto-Armenian:
- Proto-Tocharian:
References
[edit]- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “bhereg̑h-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 140-141
- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*bʰerg̑ʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 78-79
- ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “pärk-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 399
- ^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “parkii̯e/a-ᶻⁱ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 736-737