Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-néwti

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Suffix

*(Ø)-néwti

1. Forms transitive imperfective verbs from roots.

Inflection

Imperfective, athematic
3rd singular	*(Ø)-néwti
3rd plural	*(Ø)-n̥wénti
Active voice	Present indicative	Past indicative	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
1st singular	*(Ø)-néwmi	*(Ø)-nḗm	—	*(Ø)-néwoh₂	*(Ø)-nuyéh₁m̥
2nd singular	*(Ø)-néwsi	*(Ø)-néws	*(Ø)-néw, *(Ø)-nudʰí	*(Ø)-néwesi	*(Ø)-nuyéh₁s
3rd singular	*(Ø)-néwti	*(Ø)-néwt	*(Ø)-néwtu	*(Ø)-néweti	*(Ø)-nuyéh₁t
1st dual	*(Ø)-nuwós	*(Ø)-nuwé	—	*(Ø)-néwowos	*(Ø)-n̥wih₁wé
2nd dual	*(Ø)-nutés	*(Ø)-nutóm	*(Ø)-nutóm	*(Ø)-néwetes	*(Ø)-n̥wih₁tóm
3rd dual	*(Ø)-nutés	*(Ø)-nutā́m	*(Ø)-nutā́m	*(Ø)-néwetes	*(Ø)-n̥wih₁tā́m
1st plural	*(Ø)-numós	*(Ø)-numé	—	*(Ø)-néwomos	*(Ø)-n̥wih₁mé
2nd plural	*(Ø)-nuté	*(Ø)-nuté	*(Ø)-nuté	*(Ø)-néwete	*(Ø)-n̥wih₁té
3rd plural	*(Ø)-n̥wénti	*(Ø)-n̥wént	*(Ø)-n̥wéntu	*(Ø)-néwonti	*(Ø)-n̥wih₁ént
Participle	*(Ø)-n̥wónts
Middle voice	Present indicative	Past indicative	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
1st singular	*(Ø)-nuh₂ér	*(Ø)-nuh₂é	—	*(Ø)-néwoh₂er	*(Ø)-n̥wih₁h₂é
2nd singular	*(Ø)-nuth₂ér	*(Ø)-nuth₂é	*(Ø)-nusó	*(Ø)-néweth₂er	*(Ø)-n̥wih₁th₂é
3rd singular	*(Ø)-nutór, *(Ø)-n̥wór	*(Ø)-nutó, *(Ø)-n̥wó	*?	*(Ø)-néwetor	*(Ø)-n̥wih₁tó, *(Ø)-n̥wih₁ó
1st dual	*(Ø)-nuwósdʰh₂	*(Ø)-nuwédʰh₂	—	*(Ø)-néwowosdʰh₂	*(Ø)-n̥wih₁wédʰh₂
2nd dual	*?	*?	*?	*?	*?
3rd dual	*?	*?	*?	*?	*?
1st plural	*(Ø)-numósdʰh₂	*(Ø)-numédʰh₂	—	*(Ø)-néwomosdʰh₂	*(Ø)-n̥wih₁médʰh₂
2nd plural	*(Ø)-nudʰh₂wé	*(Ø)-nudʰh₂wé	*(Ø)-nudʰh₂wé	*(Ø)-néwedʰh₂we	*(Ø)-n̥wih₁dʰh₂wé
3rd plural	*(Ø)-n̥wn̥tór, *(Ø)-nurór	*(Ø)-n̥wn̥tó, *(Ø)-nuró	*?	*(Ø)-néwontor	*(Ø)-n̥wih₁ró
Participle	*(Ø)-n̥wm̥h₁nós

Derived terms

Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-néwti

Descendants

• Proto-Anatolian: *-nū́di (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Hellenic: *-neumi
  • Ancient Greek: -νῡμι (-nūmi), also thematicised -νεω (-neō)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *-náwti
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *-náwti
    • Sanskrit: -नोति (-nóti), -णोति (-ṇoti)
  • Proto-Iranian: *-náwti
    • Avestan: -𐬥𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬙𐬌 (-naoⁱti), -𐬥𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬌 (-nuuaⁱṇti) (in some cases)

See also

• *-né-