Reconstruction:Proto-Hmong-Mien/tsji̯əu

This Proto-Hmong-Mien entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Hmong-Mien

Etymology

Compare Proto-Tibeto-Burman *m/s-kri(y)-s (Matisoff, 2015)

Noun

*tsji̯əu

1. gallbladder, bile

Descendants

• Hmongic
  • Pa Hng
    • Pa Hng - Gundong 滚董: ʔa⁰³tɕei³⁵
    • Hm Nai - Mao'ao 毛坳: la⁰³ʑiŋ³⁵
  • North Hmongic
    • West Xiangxi (Xong) - Layiping 腊乙坪: qo³⁵tɕi³⁵
    • East Xiangxi (Suang) - Xiaozhang 小章: kʰu⁵⁵tan¹³
  • East Hmongic
    • North Qiandong - Yanghao 养蒿: ɕin³³
    • East Qiandong - Caidiwan 菜地湾: tsi¹³
    • South Qiandong - Yaogao 尧告: tsei¹³
    • West Qiandong (Raojia) - Heba 河坝: ɕi⁴⁴
  • Sheic
    • Younuo 优诺: tsi⁴⁴
    • Jiongnai - Longhua 龙华: təu⁵⁵
    • Bana 巴那: la⁰⁴tɕi¹³
    • She - Xiashuicun 下水村: tsi²²
  • West Hmongic
    • Bunu
      • Dongnu - Qibainong 七百弄: tɕi³³
      • Nunu - Xishan 西山: ko²²ʔpi³³
      • Numao - Yaolu 瑶麓: tsi³³
    • Core
      • East Luobuohe (Xijia) - Shibanqiao 石板寨: kʰu⁵⁵tɛ⁵⁵
      • West Luobuohe - Gaozhai 高寨: tə⁰²tse³¹
      • Huishui - Gaopo 高坡: sĩ⁴²
      • Mashan - Zongdi 宗地: sei³²
      • A-Hmao - Shimenpo 石门坡: tʂʅ⁵⁵
      • Chuanqiandian - Dananshan 大南山: tʂi⁴³

References

• Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN.
• Chen, Qiguang (陈其光) (2013) Miao Yao yuwen (苗瑶语文), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社), →ISBN