Reconstruction:Proto-Hmong-Mien/mblet

This Proto-Hmong-Mien entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Hmong-Mien

Alternative reconstructions

Ostapirat (2016) reconstructs *m.lˠ- as the initial.

Etymology

From Old Chinese 舌

Noun

*mblet

1. tongue

Descendants

• Hmongic
  • Pa Hng
    • Pa Hng - Gundong 滚董: nei⁴²
    • Hm Nai - Mao'ao 毛坳: ntʰei³¹
  • North Hmongic
    • West Xiangxi (Xong) - Layiping 腊乙坪: qo³⁵mjɑ²²
    • East Xiangxi (Suang) - Xiaozhang 小章: ki⁰³mja³⁵
  • East Hmongic
    • North Qiandong - Yanghao 养蒿: qa³³ni³¹
    • East Qiandong - Caidiwan 菜地湾: qa³³nja¹³
    • South Qiandong - Yaogao 尧告: ȵa²⁴
    • West Qiandong (Raojia) - Heba 河坝: qa³³mje⁵³
  • Sheic
    • Younuo 优诺: kə⁰³mi²¹
    • Jiongnai - Longhua 龙华: mpli¹²
    • Bana 巴那: la⁰⁴dli⁵³
    • She - Xiashuicun 下水村: pi³⁵
  • West Hmongic
    • Bunu
      • Dongnu - Qibainong 七百弄: ʔa⁰²mpla²¹
      • Nunu - Xishan 西山: ko³⁵tɕa²²
      • Numao - Yaolu 瑶麓: ŋkjei⁴²
    • Core
      • East Luobuohe (Xijia) - Shibanqiao 石板寨: ʔa⁰²mble³³
      • West Luobuohe - Gaozhai 高寨: ʔə⁰²mblæ³¹
      • Huishui - Gaopo 高坡: qə⁰²mple⁵⁵
      • Mashan - Zongdi 宗地: mple²¹
      • A-Hmao - Shimenpo 石门坡: ʔa⁵⁵ndlɦai¹¹
      • Chuanqiandian - Dananshan 大南山: mplai²⁴
• Mienic
  • Mien
    • Guangdian (Jiangdi): bjet¹²
    • Xiangnan (Miaoziyuan): bje²¹
  • Kim Mun
    • Diangui (Liangzi): bjɛt²¹
    • Fanghai (Tansan): bjɛːt³²
  • Biao Mon
    • Changping: blet²¹
    • Luoxiang: bjet³²
  • Biao Min
    • Dongshan: blin⁴²
    • Shikou: pjɛ²²
    • Niuweizhai: pʰɣe⁵³
  • Dzao Min (Daping): a⁴⁴bɛt²²

References

• Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN.
• Chen, Qiguang (陈其光) (2013) Miao Yao yuwen (苗瑶语文), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社), →ISBN
• Mao, Zongwu (毛宗武) (2004) Yaozu Mianyu fangyan yanjiu (瑤族勉语方言研究), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社)