Reconstruction:Proto-Hmong-Mien/ɴɢɛuŋ
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This Proto-Hmong-Mien entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Hmong-Mien
[edit]Alternative reconstructions
[edit]Ostapirat (2016)[1] reconstructs *ŋ.lˠ- as the initial.
Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]*ɴɢɛuŋ
Descendants
[edit]- Hmongic
- Pa Hng
- Pa Hng - Gundong 滚董: ʔa⁰³waŋ³³
- Hm Nai - Mao'ao 毛坳: la⁰³waŋ³³
- North Hmongic
- West Xiangxi (Xong) - Layiping 腊乙坪: tɑ³⁵pʐɑ³⁵n̥e³⁵
- East Xiangxi (Suang) - Xiaozhang 小章: pja⁵³vei³¹
- East Hmongic
- North Qiandong - Yanghao 养蒿: vɛ⁵⁵
- East Qiandong - Caidiwan 菜地湾: qa³³ʑi²²
- South Qiandong - Yaogao 尧告: kwan¹³ŋo³¹
- West Qiandong (Raojia) - Heba 河坝: vei⁵⁵
- Sheic
- Younuo 优诺: ŋo¹³
- Jiongnai - Longhua 龙华: ŋkwaŋ³³
- Bana 巴那: la⁰⁴gwaŋ³¹³
- She - Xiashuicun 下水村: kwaŋ³¹
- West Hmongic
- Bunu
- Dongnu - Qibainong 七百弄: tɕi³¹ŋkoŋ¹³
- Nunu - Xishan 西山: koŋ⁴²
- Numao - Yaolu 瑶麓: ŋkuŋ⁵⁵
- Core
- East Luobuohe (Xijia) - Shibanqiao 石板寨: qo⁰⁵ŋɢwaŋ³¹
- West Luobuohe - Gaozhai 高寨: ʔə⁰²ŋɢwɑŋ³¹
- Huishui - Gaopo 高坡: ŋqə̃⁵⁵
- Mashan - Zongdi 宗地: ntoŋ⁵³
- A-Hmao - Shimenpo 石门坡: ndɦu³⁵
- Chuanqiandian - Dananshan 大南山: nto³¹
- Bunu
- Pa Hng
- Mienic
- Mien
- Guangdian (Jiangdi): luŋ³¹
- Xiangnan (Miaoziyuan): luŋ³¹
- Kim Mun
- Diangui (Liangzi): guŋ³³
- Fanghai (Tansan): guːŋ³³
- Biao Mon
- Changping: ðuŋ³¹
- Luoxiang: guŋ³¹
- Biao Min
- Dongshan: lwə³¹
- Shikou: tʰjen³³
- Niuweizhai: ɣɯ⁵³
- Dzao Min (Daping): vaŋ⁵³
- Mien
References
[edit]- Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN.
- Chen, Qiguang (陈其光) (2013) Miao Yao yuwen (苗瑶语文), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社), →ISBN
- Mao, Zongwu (毛宗武) (2004) Yaozu Mianyu fangyan yanjiu (瑤族勉语方言研究), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社)