Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/writtōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

An iterative verb to the strong verb *wrītaną (“to write”), from Proto-Indo-European *wrid-néh₂-ti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈwrit.tɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*writtōną

1. to carve
2. to write

Inflection

The original paradigm would have consisted of two stem variants, singular *writt- against non-singular *writ-.

Conjugation of *writtōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*writtō	*writtǭ	—	*writtōi	?
2nd singular	*writtōsi	*writtōs	*writtō	*writtōsai	*writtōsau
3rd singular	*writtōþi	*writtō	*writtōþau	*writtōþai	*writtōþau
1st dual	*writtōs	*writtōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*writtōþiz	*writtōþiz	*writtōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*writtōmaz	*writtōm	—	*writtōnþai	*writtōnþau
2nd plural	*writtōþ	*writtōþ	*writtōþ	*writtōnþai	*writtōnþau
3rd plural	*writtōnþi	*writtōn	*writtōnþau	*writtōnþai	*writtōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*writtōdǭ	*writtōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*writtōdēz	*writtōdēdīz
3rd singular	*writtōdē	*writtōdēdī
1st dual	*writtōdēdū	*writtōdēdīw
2nd dual	*writtōdēdudiz	*writtōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*writtōdēdum	*writtōdēdīm
2nd plural	*writtōdēdud	*writtōdēdīd
3rd plural	*writtōdēdun	*writtōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*writtōndz	*writtōdaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *writtōn, *writōn
  • Old English: writian
  • Old Saxon: *writtōn
    • Middle Low German: written
  • Old High German: rizzōn, rezzōn
    • Middle High German: ritzen
      • German: ritzen
      • → Middle Dutch: ritsen
        • Dutch: ritsen
      • → West Frisian: ritse, ritsje
• Old Norse: rita
  • Faroese: rita