Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wikkōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From earlier paradigm *wikkōþi ~ *wigunanþi, from pre-Proto-Germanic *wik-nā́-ti ~ *wik-un-ánti, from Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to separate (out as holy)”).^[1]^[2]

Verb

*wikkōną^[1]^[2]

(West Germanic) to practice sorcery

Inflection

Conjugation of *wikkōną (weak class 2)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*wikkō	*wikkǭ	—	*wikkōi	?
2nd singular	*wikkōsi	*wikkōs	*wikkō	*wikkōsai	*wikkōsau
3rd singular	*wikkōþi	*wikkō	*wikkōþau	*wikkōþai	*wikkōþau
1st dual	*wikkōs	*wikkōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*wikkōþiz	*wikkōþiz	*wikkōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*wikkōmaz	*wikkōm	—	*wikkōnþai	*wikkōnþau
2nd plural	*wikkōþ	*wikkōþ	*wikkōþ	*wikkōnþai	*wikkōnþau
3rd plural	*wikkōnþi	*wikkōn	*wikkōnþau	*wikkōnþai	*wikkōnþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*wikkōdǭ	*wikkōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*wikkōdēz	*wikkōdēdīz
3rd singular	*wikkōdē	*wikkōdēdī
1st dual	*wikkōdēdū	*wikkōdēdīw
2nd dual	*wikkōdēdudiz	*wikkōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*wikkōdēdum	*wikkōdēdīm
2nd plural	*wikkōdēdud	*wikkōdēdīd
3rd plural	*wikkōdēdun	*wikkōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*wikkōndz	*wikkōdaz

Related terms

*wīhaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *wikkōn, *wikkijōn
- Old English: wiċċian (< *wikkijōn)
  - Middle English: wicchen
    - English: witch
    - Scots: wich, wech, witch
- Old Frisian: *wikkia, *wikia
  - Saterland Frisian: wikje
  - West Frisian: wikje
- Old Saxon: *wikkōn; *wikkiōn
  - Middle Low German: wicken
    - German Low German: wicken
- Old Dutch: *wikkon
  - Middle Dutch: wicken
    - Dutch: wikken
      - → West Frisian: wikke
- Old High German: *wikkōn, *wihhōn
  - Middle High German: wicken
    - German: wicken (obsolete)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*wikkōn-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 586
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 de Vaan, Michiel (2020) “wichelen”, in Digitale Etymologieën: Toevoegingen bij het Etymologisch Woordenboek van het Nederlands‎^[2], page 153: “*wiknōn- > *wikkōn-”

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*wikkōn-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 586

[deVaan-2] 2.0 ^2.1 de Vaan, Michiel (2020) “wichelen”, in Digitale Etymologieën: Toevoegingen bij het Etymologisch Woordenboek van het Nederlands‎^[2], page 153: “*wiknōn- > *wikkōn-”

[1]

[2]