Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/timrijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *timrą (“building”) +‎ *-janą.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈtim.ri.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*timrijaną^[1]^[2]

to construct, build

Inflection

Conjugation of *timrijaną (weak class 1)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*timrijō	*timrijaų	—	*timrijai	?
2nd singular	*timrīsi	*timrijais	*timrī	*timrijasai	*timrijaisau
3rd singular	*timrīþi	*timrijai	*timrijaþau	*timrijaþai	*timrijaiþau
1st dual	*timrijōs	*timrijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*timrijaþiz	*timrijaiþiz	*timrijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*timrijamaz	*timrijaim	—	*timrijanþai	*timrijainþau
2nd plural	*timrīþ	*timrijaiþ	*timrīþ	*timrijanþai	*timrijainþau
3rd plural	*timrijanþi	*timrijain	*timrijanþau	*timrijanþai	*timrijainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*timridǭ	*timridēdį̄
2nd singular	*timridēz	*timridēdīz
3rd singular	*timridē	*timridēdī
1st dual	*timridēdū	*timridēdīw
2nd dual	*timridēdudiz	*timridēdīdiz
1st plural	*timridēdum	*timridēdīm
2nd plural	*timridēdud	*timridēdīd
3rd plural	*timridēdun	*timridēdīn

	present	past
participles	*timrijandz	*timridaz

Related terms

*timrōną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *timrijan
- Old English: timbran
  - Middle English: timbren
    - English: timber
- Old Frisian: timbra
- Old Saxon: timbrian
  - Middle Low German: timberen, timmeren
- Old Dutch: timbren
  - Middle Dutch: timmeren
    - Dutch: timmeren
      - Afrikaans: timmer
- Old High German: zimbaren
  - Middle High German: zimbern
    - German: zimmern
Gothic: 𐍄𐌹𐌼𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽 (timrjan)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*temrjanan~temrōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 404
^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*timbra-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 517: “*temrjan-”

[HGE-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*temrjanan~temrōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 404

[2] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*timbra-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 517: “*temrjan-”

[1]

[2]