Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sufjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

• *sufjōną

Etymology

A zero-grade formation to *swefaną, or from *sufjaz (“sleepy”) +‎ *-janą

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsuɸ.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*sufjaną

1. (impersonal, with accusative) to become sleepy, to doze off

Inflection

Conjugation of *sufjaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*sufjō	*sufjaų	—	*sufjai	?
2nd singular	*sufisi	*sufjais	*sufi	*sufjasai	*sufjaisau
3rd singular	*sufiþi	*sufjai	*sufjaþau	*sufjaþai	*sufjaiþau
1st dual	*sufjōs	*sufjaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*sufjaþiz	*sufjaiþiz	*sufjaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*sufjamaz	*sufjaim	—	*sufjanþai	*sufjainþau
2nd plural	*sufiþ	*sufjaiþ	*sufiþ	*sufjanþai	*sufjainþau
3rd plural	*sufjanþi	*sufjain	*sufjanþau	*sufjanþai	*sufjainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*sufidǭ	*sufidēdį̄
2nd singular	*sufidēz	*sufidēdīz
3rd singular	*sufidē	*sufidēdī
1st dual	*sufidēdū	*sufidēdīw
2nd dual	*sufidēdudiz	*sufidēdīdiz
1st plural	*sufidēdum	*sufidēdīm
2nd plural	*sufidēdud	*sufidēdīd
3rd plural	*sufidēdun	*sufidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*sufjandz	*sufidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *suffjan
  • Old Dutch: *suffen
    • Middle Dutch: suffen
      • Dutch: suffen
        • →? Dutch Low Saxon: suffen
        • →? West Frisian: suffe
• Old Norse: syfja
  • Icelandic: syfja