Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sturknaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

A fientive verb derived from a strong verb *sterkaną (“to stiffen”) (attested only in its past participle).^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsturk.nɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*sturknaną^[1]^[3]

(intransitive) to dry up
(intransitive) to thicken, congeal

Inflection

Conjugation of *sturknaną (weak class 4)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*sturknō	*sturknaų	—	—	—
2nd singular	*sturknōsi	*sturknais	*sturknō	—	—
3rd singular	*sturknōþi	*sturknai	*sturknōþau	—	—
1st dual	*sturknōs	*sturknaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*sturknaþiz	*sturknaiþiz	*sturknaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*sturknamaz	*sturknaim	—	—	—
2nd plural	*sturknaþ	*sturknaiþ	*sturknaþ	—	—
3rd plural	*sturknanþi	*sturknain	*sturknanþau	—	—

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*sturknōdǭ	*sturknōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*sturknōdēz	*sturknōdēdīz
3rd singular	*sturknōdē	*sturknōdēdī
1st dual	*sturknōdēdū	*sturknōdēdīw
2nd dual	*sturknōdēdudiz	*sturknōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*sturknōdēdum	*sturknōdēdīm
2nd plural	*sturknōdēdud	*sturknōdēdīd
3rd plural	*sturknōdēdun	*sturknōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*sturknandz	—

Related terms

Derived terms

*gasturknaną
- Proto-West Germanic: *gastorknēn
- Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌺𐌽𐌰𐌽 (gastaurknan)

Descendants

Old Norse: storkna
- Icelandic: storkna
- Old Swedish: storkna
  - Swedish: storkna

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*sturki-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 488: “*sturknan-”
^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[2], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 259
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*sturknōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 384

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*sturki-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 488: “*sturknan-”

[2] Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[2], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 259

[3] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*sturknōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 384

[1]

[2]

[3]