Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/spurjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *spurą (“track”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈspur.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*spurjaną

1. to feel, touch
2. to study; to search; to examine
3. to ask

Inflection

Conjugation of *spurjaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*spurjō	*spurjaų	—	*spurjai	?
2nd singular	*spurisi	*spurjais	*spuri	*spurjasai	*spurjaisau
3rd singular	*spuriþi	*spurjai	*spurjaþau	*spurjaþai	*spurjaiþau
1st dual	*spurjōs	*spurjaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*spurjaþiz	*spurjaiþiz	*spurjaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*spurjamaz	*spurjaim	—	*spurjanþai	*spurjainþau
2nd plural	*spuriþ	*spurjaiþ	*spuriþ	*spurjanþai	*spurjainþau
3rd plural	*spurjanþi	*spurjain	*spurjanþau	*spurjanþai	*spurjainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*spuridǭ	*spuridēdį̄
2nd singular	*spuridēz	*spuridēdīz
3rd singular	*spuridē	*spuridēdī
1st dual	*spuridēdū	*spuridēdīw
2nd dual	*spuridēdudiz	*spuridēdīdiz
1st plural	*spuridēdum	*spuridēdīm
2nd plural	*spuridēdud	*spuridēdīd
3rd plural	*spuridēdun	*spuridēdīn
	present	past
participles	*spurjandz	*spuridaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *spurjan
  • Old English: spyrian, spirian
    • Middle English: spuren, spiren, speren
      • English: speer, spear, sper, spere, speir, spire, spyrr
      • Scots: speir
  • Old Frisian: spera
  • Old Dutch: *spurien, *spuren
    • Middle Dutch: spueren, spōren
      • Dutch: speuren
        • Afrikaans: speur
        • → West Frisian: speure, speurje
  • Old High German: spurian, spurien, spurren
    • Middle High German: spüren, spürn
      • German: spüren
      • Luxembourgish: spieren
      • ⇒ Alemannic German: gespüre
      • Yiddish: שפּירן (shpirn)
• Old Norse: spyrja
  • Icelandic: spyrja
  • Faroese: spyrja
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: spyrja, spørja; (dialectal) spurja, spær, spår
  • Old Swedish: spyria
    • Swedish: spörja
  • Old Danish: spyriæ, spørghe, spøriæ
    • Danish: spørge
      • Norwegian Bokmål: spørre (partly from dialectal spørja)