Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skrinkwaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Of uncertain origin. Apparently from a Proto-Indo-European *skringʷ-onom,^[1] which may be from a derived root from Proto-Indo-European *sker- (“to turn, bend (wrinkle, wither)”); compare Lithuanian skrę̃sti (“to be covered with a crust”).^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈskriŋʷ.kʷɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*skrinkwaną^[1]^[2]

to shrink, pull together, shrivel

Inflection

Conjugation of *skrinkwaną (strong class 3)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*skrinkwō	*skrinkwaų	—	*skrinkwai	?
2nd singular	*skrinkwizi	*skrinkwaiz	*skrinkw	*skrinkwazai	*skrinkwaizau
3rd singular	*skrinkwidi	*skrinkwai	*skrinkwadau	*skrinkwadai	*skrinkwaidau
1st dual	*skrinkwōz	*skrinkwaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*skrinkwadiz	*skrinkwaidiz	*skrinkwadiz	—	—
1st plural	*skrinkwamaz	*skrinkwaim	—	*skrinkwandai	*skrinkwaindau
2nd plural	*skrinkwid	*skrinkwaid	*skrinkwid	*skrinkwandai	*skrinkwaindau
3rd plural	*skrinkwandi	*skrinkwain	*skrinkwandau	*skrinkwandai	*skrinkwaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*skrankw	*skrunkį̄
2nd singular	*skranht	*skrunkīz
3rd singular	*skrankw	*skrunkī
1st dual	*skrunkū	*skrunkīw
2nd dual	*skrunkudiz	*skrunkīdiz
1st plural	*skrunkum	*skrunkīm
2nd plural	*skrunkud	*skrunkīd
3rd plural	*skrunkun	*skrunkīn

	present	past
participles	*skrinkwandz	*skrunkanaz

Derived terms

*skrankijaną

Related terms

Descendants

Old English: sċrincan
- Middle English: schrynken, schrinke, schryngke, schrynke, schrynkyn, shrincke, shrinke, shrinken, scrinkin
  - English: shrink
  - Scots: scrink
Old Dutch: *skrinkan
- Middle Dutch: *schrinken
  - Dutch: schrinken
Old Norse: *skrykkva, *skrøkkva
- Norwegian: skrøkka
- Old Swedish: skrunkin (attested as past participle)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*skrinkwan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 448
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*skrenkwanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 344

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*skrinkwan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 448

[HGE-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*skrenkwanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 344

[1]

[2]