Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/saltaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *sh₂ld-, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂l- with *-d- extension. Cognate with Latin sallō (“to salt”), Old Irish saillid.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɑl.tɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*saltaną

1. to salt, pickle

Inflection

Conjugation of *saltaną (strong class 7c)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*saltō	*saltaų	—	*saltai	?
2nd singular	*saltizi	*saltaiz	*salt	*saltazai	*saltaizau
3rd singular	*saltidi	*saltai	*saltadau	*saltadai	*saltaidau
1st dual	*saltōz	*saltaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*saltadiz	*saltaidiz	*saltadiz	—	—
1st plural	*saltamaz	*saltaim	—	*saltandai	*saltaindau
2nd plural	*saltid	*saltaid	*saltid	*saltandai	*saltaindau
3rd plural	*saltandi	*saltain	*saltandau	*saltandai	*saltaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*sezalt	*sezaltį̄
2nd singular	*sezalst	*sezaltīz
3rd singular	*sezalt	*sezaltī
1st dual	*sezaltū	*sezaltīw
2nd dual	*sezaltudiz	*sezaltīdiz
1st plural	*sezaltum	*sezaltīm
2nd plural	*sezaltud	*sezaltīd
3rd plural	*sezaltun	*sezaltīn
	present	past
participles	*saltandz	*saltanaz

Related terms

• *saltą
• *saltaz
• *saltijaną
• *saltōną
• *sultijaz
• *sultijō

Descendants

Most descendants preserve this as a weak verb, presumably based on an innovated form *saltijaną or *saltōną, derived from the noun or adjective.

• Proto-West Germanic: *saltan
  • Old English: sealtan; sealten (ppl)
    • Middle English: salten; salten
      • English: salt; salten
      • Scots: saut
  • Old Frisian: *salta; *salten (ppl)
    • Saterland Frisian: soalten (adj)
    • ⇒ Saterland Frisian: soaltje
    • ⇒ West Frisian: sâltsje
  • Old Saxon: *saltan; *gisaltan
    • Middle Low German: solten; solten (ppl)
      • German Low German: solten; solten (ppl)
      • Plautdietsch: solten
  • Old Dutch: *saltan
    • Middle Dutch: souten
      • Dutch: zouten (weak, but with a strong participle)
        • Afrikaans: sout
  • Old High German: salzan
    • Middle High German: salzen
      • German: salzen (weak, but with a strong participle)
      • Luxembourgish: salzen
• Old Norse: salta
  • Icelandic: salta
  • Faroese: salta
  • Old Swedish: salta
    • Swedish: salta
  • Old Danish: saltæ
    • Danish: salte
  • Gutnish: salte, salt'
  • Smalandian: salta
• Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌻𐍄𐌰𐌽 (saltan)