Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/prikkōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Probably from Pre-Germanic *bri(g/ǵ)néh₂-, though very likely not of Proto-Indo-European origin. Possibly onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈprik.kɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*prikkōną

1. to prick

Inflection

The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, *prikk- against *prik-. It's possible that the alternative stem was *prig-, but there is no attestation with the Verner alternate, and it can't be reconstructed without extra-Germanic cognates.

Conjugation of *prikkōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*prikkō	*prikkǭ	—	*prikkōi	?
2nd singular	*prikkōsi	*prikkōs	*prikkō	*prikkōsai	*prikkōsau
3rd singular	*prikkōþi	*prikkō	*prikkōþau	*prikkōþai	*prikkōþau
1st dual	*prikkōs	*prikkōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*prikkōþiz	*prikkōþiz	*prikkōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*prikkōmaz	*prikkōm	—	*prikkōnþai	*prikkōnþau
2nd plural	*prikkōþ	*prikkōþ	*prikkōþ	*prikkōnþai	*prikkōnþau
3rd plural	*prikkōnþi	*prikkōn	*prikkōnþau	*prikkōnþai	*prikkōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*prikkōdǭ	*prikkōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*prikkōdēz	*prikkōdēdīz
3rd singular	*prikkōdē	*prikkōdēdī
1st dual	*prikkōdēdū	*prikkōdēdīw
2nd dual	*prikkōdēdudiz	*prikkōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*prikkōdēdum	*prikkōdēdīm
2nd plural	*prikkōdēdud	*prikkōdēdīd
3rd plural	*prikkōdēdun	*prikkōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*prikkōndz	*prikkōdaz

Descendants

• Old English: prician
  • Middle English: priken, prikien
    • English: prick
• Middle Low German: pricken
• Dutch: prikken
• Middle High German: pfrecken

References

• Guus Kroonen (2013) Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN