Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/nadrǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *nēdrǭ

Etymology

From *nadraz +‎ *-ǭ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈnɑð.rɔ̃ː/

Noun

*nadrǭ f

1. adder

   Synonym: *nadraz

2. snake in general

   Synonyms: *agiz, *linþaz, *nadraz, *slangô, *wurmiz

Inflection

ōn-stemDeclension of *nadrǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*nadrǭ	*nadrōniz
vocative	*nadrǭ	*nadrōniz
accusative	*nadrōnų	*nadrōnunz
genitive	*nadrōniz	*nadrōnǫ̂
dative	*nadrōni	*nadrōmaz
instrumental	*nadrōnē	*nadrōmiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *nadrā
  • Old English: nǣdre, nǣddre
    • Middle English: naddere, addere
      • Scots: edder
      • English: adder; nedder (dialectal)
  • Old Frisian: *nēdre
    • Saterland Frisian: Neder
    • West Frisian: njirre
  • Old Saxon: nādra, nādara
    • Middle Low German: nâder, nader, nadder
      • Low German: Adder
        • German Low German: Adder
          • → Saterland Frisian: Adder
  • Old Dutch: *nadra
    • Middle Dutch: nadre, nadder, adre, adder
      • Dutch: adder
        • Afrikaans: adder
      • Limburgish: adder
  • Old High German: nātara, otter
    • Middle High German: nātere, nāter, otter
      • German: Natter, Otter
      • Swedish: natter
      • Luxembourgish: Adder
• Old Norse: naðra
  • Icelandic: naðra
  • Swedish: nädra