Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lingwaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁lengʷʰ- (“lightweight; swift”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈliŋʷ.ɡʷɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*lingwaną

1. (West Germanic) to make progress, succeed

Inflection

Conjugation of *lingwaną (strong class 3)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*lingwō	*lingwaų	—	*lingwai	?
2nd singular	*lingwizi	*lingwaiz	*lingw	*lingwazai	*lingwaizau
3rd singular	*lingwidi	*lingwai	*lingwadau	*lingwadai	*lingwaidau
1st dual	*lingwōz	*lingwaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*lingwadiz	*lingwaidiz	*lingwadiz	—	—
1st plural	*lingwamaz	*lingwaim	—	*lingwandai	*lingwaindau
2nd plural	*lingwid	*lingwaid	*lingwid	*lingwandai	*lingwaindau
3rd plural	*lingwandi	*lingwain	*lingwandau	*lingwandai	*lingwaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*langw	*lungį̄
2nd singular	*lanht	*lungīz
3rd singular	*langw	*lungī
1st dual	*lungū	*lungīw
2nd dual	*lungudiz	*lungīdiz
1st plural	*lungum	*lungīm
2nd plural	*lungud	*lungīd
3rd plural	*lungun	*lungīn
	present	past
participles	*lingwandz	*lunganaz

Related terms

• *linhtaz
• *lungraz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *lingwan
  • Old Saxon: *lingan
    • Middle Low German: lingen
      • German Low German: lingen
  • Old High German: lingan
    • Middle High German: lingen
      • German: lingen
  • ⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *galingwan
    • Old Saxon: *gilingan
      • Middle Low German: gelingen
    • Old Dutch: *gilingan
      • Middle Dutch: gelingen
        • Dutch: gelingen
    • Old High German: gilingan
      • Middle High German: gelingen
        • German: gelingen
        • Luxembourgish: geléngen
        • Yiddish: געלינגען (gelingen)