Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/leuþōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Derived from *leuþą (“song, verse”) +‎ *-ōną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈleu̯.θɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*leuþōną

1. to sing, sound, make verses

Inflection

Conjugation of *leuþōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*leuþō	*leuþǭ	—	*leuþōi	?
2nd singular	*leuþōsi	*leuþōs	*leuþō	*leuþōsai	*leuþōsau
3rd singular	*leuþōþi	*leuþō	*leuþōþau	*leuþōþai	*leuþōþau
1st dual	*leuþōs	*leuþōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*leuþōþiz	*leuþōþiz	*leuþōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*leuþōmaz	*leuþōm	—	*leuþōnþai	*leuþōnþau
2nd plural	*leuþōþ	*leuþōþ	*leuþōþ	*leuþōnþai	*leuþōnþau
3rd plural	*leuþōnþi	*leuþōn	*leuþōnþau	*leuþōnþai	*leuþōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*leuþōdǭ	*leuþōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*leuþōdēz	*leuþōdēdīz
3rd singular	*leuþōdē	*leuþōdēdī
1st dual	*leuþōdēdū	*leuþōdēdīw
2nd dual	*leuþōdēdudiz	*leuþōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*leuþōdēdum	*leuþōdēdīm
2nd plural	*leuþōdēdud	*leuþōdēdīd
3rd plural	*leuþōdēdun	*leuþōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*leuþōndz	*leuþōdaz

Derived terms

• *leuþōniz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *leuþōn
  • Old English: lēoþian
  • Old High German: liudōn
• Old Norse: ljóða
  • Icelandic: ljóða
  • Faroese: ljóða
• Gothic: 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌸𐍉𐌽 (liuþōn), 𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌳𐍉𐌽 (awiliudōn) (< *awjaleuþōną)