Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kerzaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

• *kerraną

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gers-. Cognate with Latin garrio (“to chatter”) and Lithuanian gar̃sas (“sound”).

The expected form *kersaną is unattested, the current form with -z- arose by influence of the iterative *kurzōną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈker.zɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*kerzaną

1. to creak (of birds)
2. to cry (of birds)

Inflection

Conjugation of *kerzaną (strong class 3)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*kerzō	*kerzaų	—	*kerzai	?
2nd singular	*kirzizi	*kerzaiz	*kerz	*kerzazai	*kerzaizau
3rd singular	*kirzidi	*kerzai	*kerzadau	*kerzadai	*kerzaidau
1st dual	*kerzōz	*kerzaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*kerzadiz	*kerzaidiz	*kerzadiz	—	—
1st plural	*kerzamaz	*kerzaim	—	*kerzandai	*kerzaindau
2nd plural	*kirzid	*kerzaid	*kirzid	*kerzandai	*kerzaindau
3rd plural	*kerzandi	*kerzain	*kerzandau	*kerzandai	*kerzaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*karz	*kurzį̄
2nd singular	*karzt	*kurzīz
3rd singular	*karz	*kurzī
1st dual	*kurzū	*kurzīw
2nd dual	*kurzudiz	*kurzīdiz
1st plural	*kurzum	*kurzīm
2nd plural	*kurzud	*kurzīd
3rd plural	*kurzun	*kurzīn
	present	past
participles	*kerzandz	*kurzanaz

Related terms

• *karzōną
• *kurzōną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *kerʀan
  • Old English: ċeorran
  • Old Dutch: *kerran
    • Middle Dutch: kerren, karren
  • Old High German: kerran, cherran
    • Middle High German: kerren
      • Cimbrian: khèrran