Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jekulaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

• *jikilaz

Etymology

From *jekô (“piece of ice”) +‎ *-ulaz (“diminutive suffix”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈje.ku.lɑz/

Noun

*jekulaz m

1. icicle

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *jekulaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*jekulaz	*jekulōz, *jekulōs
vocative	*jekul	*jekulōz, *jekulōs
accusative	*jekulą	*jekulanz
genitive	*jekulas, *jekulis	*jekulǫ̂
dative	*jekulai	*jekulamaz
instrumental	*jekulō	*jekulamiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *jikil, *jekul
  • Old English: ġiċel, ġieċel, *ġyċel, *ġecol, *ġeocol, *ġicol
    • Middle English: ikil, ykel, ykle, ychele, ikyl
      • English: ickle, eckle
  • Old Frisian: itsil, itzil, etzil
  • Old Saxon: *jukil
    • Middle Low German: jȫkel, jekel, jokel, jöckel, jockel, jȫkele, jokele, jöckele, jockele, jukel, guckel m or f (merged with descendant of Old Saxon gikilla f)
      • Low German: (Dithmarscher) Jäkel
      • North Frisian: jöckel, jögel
      • → West Frisian: jûkel, (Schiermonnikoog) jokel
      • → Dutch: jeukel (dialectal)
• Old Norse: jǫkull
  • Icelandic: jökull
    • → Danish: jøkel
      • Norwegian Bokmål: jøkel
    • → English: jokul
    • → Swedish: jökel
  • Faroese: jøkul, jøkil
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: jøkul, jøkle; (dialectal) jukul
  • Old Swedish: īkil
    • Swedish: ickel (dialectal)
  • Old Danish: egle