Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hulþijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *hulþaz (“inclined, favourable”) +‎ *-janą or *hulþô (“friend, trustee”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxul.θi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hulþijaną

1. to make into a friend, to court one's friendship
2. to calm, to comfort
3. to praise

Inflection

Conjugation of *hulþijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hulþijō	*hulþijaų	—	*hulþijai	?
2nd singular	*hulþīsi	*hulþijais	*hulþī	*hulþijasai	*hulþijaisau
3rd singular	*hulþīþi	*hulþijai	*hulþijaþau	*hulþijaþai	*hulþijaiþau
1st dual	*hulþijōs	*hulþijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hulþijaþiz	*hulþijaiþiz	*hulþijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*hulþijamaz	*hulþijaim	—	*hulþijanþai	*hulþijainþau
2nd plural	*hulþīþ	*hulþijaiþ	*hulþīþ	*hulþijanþai	*hulþijainþau
3rd plural	*hulþijanþi	*hulþijain	*hulþijanþau	*hulþijanþai	*hulþijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hulþidǭ	*hulþidēdį̄
2nd singular	*hulþidēz	*hulþidēdīz
3rd singular	*hulþidē	*hulþidēdī
1st dual	*hulþidēdū	*hulþidēdīw
2nd dual	*hulþidēdudiz	*hulþidēdīdiz
1st plural	*hulþidēdum	*hulþidēdīm
2nd plural	*hulþidēdud	*hulþidēdīd
3rd plural	*hulþidēdun	*hulþidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*hulþijandz	*hulþidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *hulþijan
  • Old Saxon: *hulthian
    • Middle Low German: hülden, hulden
  • Old Dutch: *hulthen
    • Middle Dutch: hulden
      • Dutch: hulden
  • Old High German: hulden
    • Middle High German: hulden, holden
• Old Norse: hylla
  • Icelandic: hylla
  • Swedish: hylla
  • Danish: hylde