Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hruttōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

• *hrutōną

Etymology

Apparently from a Proto-Indo-European *krut-neh₂-, from a root *krewt- (“to snore, roar”) with no certain cognates outside of Germanic. The connection with lexicographically attested Ancient Greek κροῦμαι (kroûmai, “snot”) is dubious. More likely, per Orel, to be an onomatopoeic formation within Germanic (though he only notes this for the derivative *hrūtaną).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxrut.tɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hruttōną

1. to snore, roar

Inflection

Conjugation of *hruttōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hruttō	*hruttǭ	—	*hruttōi	?
2nd singular	*hruttōsi	*hruttōs	*hruttō	*hruttōsai	*hruttōsau
3rd singular	*hruttōþi	*hruttō	*hruttōþau	*hruttōþai	*hruttōþau
1st dual	*hruttōs	*hruttōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hruttōþiz	*hruttōþiz	*hruttōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*hruttōmaz	*hruttōm	—	*hruttōnþai	*hruttōnþau
2nd plural	*hruttōþ	*hruttōþ	*hruttōþ	*hruttōnþai	*hruttōnþau
3rd plural	*hruttōnþi	*hruttōn	*hruttōnþau	*hruttōnþai	*hruttōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hruttōdǭ	*hruttōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*hruttōdēz	*hruttōdēdīz
3rd singular	*hruttōdē	*hruttōdēdī
1st dual	*hruttōdēdū	*hruttōdēdīw
2nd dual	*hruttōdēdudiz	*hruttōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*hruttōdēdum	*hruttōdēdīm
2nd plural	*hruttōdēdud	*hruttōdēdīd
3rd plural	*hruttōdēdun	*hruttōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*hruttōndz	*hruttōdaz

Derived terms

• *hruttaz (“snot”)
• *hrūtaną (“to snore”)

Descendants

• Old High German: *hrutzōn
  • Middle High German: *rotzen
    • German: rotzen
• Old Norse:
  • Elfdalian: rotå (<*hrutōną)