Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrunkǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to bend, curve, turn”).

Noun

*hrunkǭ f

1. wrinkle, crease

Inflection

ōn-stemDeclension of *hrunkǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hrunkǭ	*hrunkōniz
vocative	*hrunkǭ	*hrunkōniz
accusative	*hrunkōnų	*hrunkōnunz
genitive	*hrunkōniz	*hrunkōnǫ̂
dative	*hrunkōni	*hrunkōmaz
instrumental	*hrunkōnē	*hrunkōmiz

Derived terms

• *hrunkitjaną
  • *hrunkitjǭ
    • Proto-West Germanic: *hrunkittjā
      • Old High German: runza
        • Middle High German: runze
          • German: Runze

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *hrunkā
  • Old High German: *runka
    • Middle High German: runke
      • German: Runke
  • ⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *hrunkiju
    • → Old French: fronce, fronche
      • Middle French: fronce
        • French: fronce
• Old Norse: hrukka, *hrunka
  • Icelandic: hrukka
  • Faroese: rukka
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: rukka
    • ⇒ Norwegian Nynorsk: rukla
  • ⇒ Old Swedish: rynkia
  • ⇒ Danish: runken (adjective)
  • →⇒ Middle English: runkel
    • English: runkle
    • Scots: runkil, runkill, runkle