Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hragjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *hreganą (“to jut out”) +‎ *-janą.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxrɑɣ.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hragjaną^[1](West Germanic)

to make stand, wake up, incite

Inflection

Conjugation of *hragjaną (weak class 1)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*hragjō	*hragjaų	—	*hragjai	?
2nd singular	*hragisi	*hragjais	*hragi	*hragjasai	*hragjaisau
3rd singular	*hragiþi	*hragjai	*hragjaþau	*hragjaþai	*hragjaiþau
1st dual	*hragjōs	*hragjaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hragjaþiz	*hragjaiþiz	*hragjaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*hragjamaz	*hragjaim	—	*hragjanþai	*hragjainþau
2nd plural	*hragiþ	*hragjaiþ	*hragiþ	*hragjanþai	*hragjainþau
3rd plural	*hragjanþi	*hragjain	*hragjanþau	*hragjanþai	*hragjainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hragidǭ	*hragidēdį̄
2nd singular	*hragidēz	*hragidēdīz
3rd singular	*hragidē	*hragidēdī
1st dual	*hragidēdū	*hragidēdīw
2nd dual	*hragidēdudiz	*hragidēdīdiz
1st plural	*hragidēdum	*hragidēdīm
2nd plural	*hragidēdud	*hragidēdīd
3rd plural	*hragidēdun	*hragidēdīn

	present	past
participles	*hragjandz	*hragidaz

Related terms

*hragōną

Descendants

Old Dutch:
- Middle Dutch: regen
Old High German:
- Middle High German: regen
  - German: regen

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*hragjan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 241

[Kroonen-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*hragjan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 241

[1]