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Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hliwjaz

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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-, *ḱlēw- (warm, hot). Cognate with Lithuanian šiltas (warm), Latin calor (warmth, heat), Welsh clyd (warm, cozy).[1]

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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*hliwjaz

  1. lukewarm

Inflection

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Declension of *hliwjaz (ja-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *hliwjaz *hliwjō *hliwją, -atō *hliwjai *hliwjôz *hliwjō
accusative *hliwjanǭ *hliwjǭ *hliwją, -atō *hliwjanz *hliwjōz *hliwjō
genitive *hliwjas, -is *hliwjaizōz *hliwjas, -is *hliwjaizǫ̂ *hliwjaizǫ̂ *hliwjaizǫ̂
dative *hliwjammai *hliwjaizōi *hliwjammai *hliwjaimaz *hliwjaimaz *hliwjaimaz
instrumental *hliwjanō *hliwjaizō *hliwjanō *hliwjaimiz *hliwjaimiz *hliwjaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *hliwjô *hliwjǭ *hliwjô *hliwjaniz *hliwjōniz *hliwjōnō
accusative *hliwjanų *hliwjōnų *hliwjô *hliwjanunz *hliwjōnunz *hliwjōnō
genitive *hliwiniz *hliwjōniz *hliwiniz *hliwjanǫ̂ *hliwjōnǫ̂ *hliwjanǫ̂
dative *hliwini *hliwjōni *hliwini *hliwjammaz *hliwjōmaz *hliwjammaz
instrumental *hliwinē *hliwjōnē *hliwinē *hliwjammiz *hliwjōmiz *hliwjammiz

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Proto-West Germanic: *hliuwi
  • Old Norse: hlýr

References

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  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hlewa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 231:*hleuja-